CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 Exam Cram, 7th Edition

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CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 Exam Cram is an all-inclusive study guide designed to help you pass the updated version of the CompTIA Security+ exam. Prepare for test day success with complete coverage of exam objectives and topics, plus hundreds of realistic practice questions. Extensive prep tools include quizzes, Exam Alerts, and our essential last-minute review Cram Sheet. The powerful Pearson Test Prep practice software provides real-time assessment and feedback with two complete exams.

Covers the critical information needed to score higher on your Security+ SY0-701 exam!

• General security concepts
• Threats, vulnerabilities, and mitigations
• Security architecture
• Security operations
• Security program management and oversight

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• Complete coverage of CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 exam objectives

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About the Premium Edition eBook

CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 Exam Cram is an all-inclusive study guide designed to help you pass the updated version of the CompTIA Security+ exam. Prepare for test day success with complete coverage of exam objectives and topics, plus hundreds of realistic practice questions. Extensive prep tools include quizzes, Exam Alerts, and our essential last-minute review Cram Sheet.

Covers the critical information needed to score higher on your Security+ SY0-701 exam!

• General security concepts
• Threats, vulnerabilities, and mitigations
• Security architecture
• Security operations
• Security program management and oversight

Sample Content

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Risk Management

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Table of Contents

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvi

Part 1: General Security Concepts 1

CHAPTER 1: Security Controls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

                Nature of Controls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

                Functional Use of Controls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

CHAPTER 2: Fundamental Security Concepts.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

                Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA).. . . . . . . . . 12

                Non-Repudiation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

                Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA).. . . . . . . 13

                Gap Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

                Zero Trust.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

                Physical Security. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

                Video Surveillance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

                Deception and Disruption Technology. . . . . . . . . . . . 23

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

CHAPTER 3: Change Management Processes and the Impact to Security.. . . . . 27

                Change Management. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

                Business Processes Impacting Security Operations. . . . . . . . 28

                Technical Implications.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

                Documentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

                Version Control.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

CHAPTER 4: Cryptographic Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

                Public Key Infrastructure (PKI).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

                Encryption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

                Tools.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80

Part 2: Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Mitigations 81

CHAPTER 5: Threat Actors and Motivations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

                Threat Actors.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

                Motivations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

CHAPTER 6: Threat Vectors and Attack Surfaces.. . . . . . . . . . . . 97

                Types of Threat Vectors and Attack Surfaces. . . . . . . . . . 98

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114

CHAPTER 7: Vulnerability Types.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 115

                Application. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116

                Operating System-Based.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

                Web-Based. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119

                Hardware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

                Virtualization.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

                Cloud-Specific.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

                Supply Chain.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

                Cryptographic.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

                Misconfiguration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

                Mobile Device.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

                Zero-Day. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

CHAPTER 8: Malicious Attacks and Indicators.. . . . . . . . .. . . . . 131

                Malware Attacks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132

                Physical Attacks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

                Network Attacks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

                Application Attacks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

                Cryptographic Attacks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

                Password Attacks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154

                Indicators of Malicious Activity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

CHAPTER 9 Mitigation Techniques for Securing the Enterprise..  . . . . 161

                Segmentation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

                Access Control.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162

                Application Allow List.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

                Isolation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

                Patching.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176

Part 3: Security Architecture 177

CHAPTER 10: Security Implications of Architecture Models. . . . . . . . 179

                Architecture and Infrastructure Concepts. . . . . . . . . . . 180

                Considerations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

CHAPTER 11: Enterprise Architecture Security Principles.. . .  . . . . . . 211

                Infrastructure Considerations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212

                Secure Communication/Access.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224

                Selection of Effective Controls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232

CHAPTER 12: Data Protection Strategies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233

                Data Types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234

                Data Classifications.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237

                General Data Considerations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238

                Methods to Secure Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

CHAPTER 13: Resilience and Recovery in Security Architecture.. . . .. . 247

                High Availability.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248

                Site Considerations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249

                Platform Diversity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251

                Multicloud Systems.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

                Continuity of Operations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252

                Capacity Planning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253

                Testing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254

                Backups.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

                Power.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

Part 4: Security Operations 265

CHAPTER 14: Securing Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

                Secure Baselines.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

                Hardening Targets.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

                Wireless Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278

                Mobile Solutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

                Wireless Security Settings.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

                Application Security.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289

                Sandboxing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

                Monitoring.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293

CHAPTER 15: Hardware, Software, and Data Asset Management.. . . . . . . . . 295

                Acquisition/Procurement Process.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296

                Assignment/Accounting.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

                Monitoring and Asset Tracking.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299

                Disposal/Decommissioning.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305

CHAPTER 16: Vulnerability Management.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

                Identification Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

                Analysis.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

                Vulnerability Response and Remediation.. . . . . . . . . . . 322

                Validation of Remediation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

                Reporting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

CHAPTER 17: Security Alerting and Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329

                Monitoring Computing Resources.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 330

                Activities.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332

                Tools.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

CHAPTER 18: Enterprise Security Capabilities.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

                Firewall.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

                IDS/IPS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354

                Web Filter.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357

                Operating System Security.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361

                Implementation of Secure Protocols.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 363

                DNS Filtering.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366

                Email Security.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367

                File Integrity Monitoring. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369

                Data Loss Prevention (DLP).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370

                Network Access Control (NAC).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371

                Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR)/Extended Detection and Response (XDR)..372

                User Behavior Analytics.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375

CHAPTER 19: Identity and Access Management.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377

                Provisioning/De-provisioning User Accounts.. . . . . . . . . . 378

                Permission Assignments and Implications. . . . . . . . . . . 379

                Identity Proofing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381

                Federation and Single Sign-On (SSO).. . . . . . . . . . . . 382

                Interoperability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385

                Attestation.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385

                Access Controls.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386

                Multifactor Authentication (MFA).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388

                Password Concepts.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395

                Privileged Access Management Tools. . . . . . . . . . . . . 397

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400

CHAPTER 20: Security Automation and Orchestration. . . . . . . . . . . . . 401

                Use Cases of Automation and Scripting.. . . . . . . . . . . . 402

                Benefits.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

                Other Considerations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408

CHAPTER 21: Incident Response Activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409

                Incident Response Process.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410

                Training and Testing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411

                Root Cause Analysis (RCA).. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412

                Threat Hunting.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413

                Digital Forensics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417

CHAPTER 22: Data Sources for Supporting Investigations. . . . . . . . . . . . 419

                Log Data.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419

                Data Sources.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423

Part 5: Security Program Management and Oversight 425

CHAPTER 23: Effective Security Governance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427

                Governing Framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428

                Policies.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

                Standards.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445

                Procedures.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447

                Guidelines.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452

                External Considerations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453

                Roles and Responsibilities for Systems and Data.. . . . . . . . . 460

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464

CHAPTER 24: Risk Management.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465

                Risk Identification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466

                Risk Assessment.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466

                Risk Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468

                Risk Register.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472

                Risk Appetite and Tolerance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474

                Risk Management Strategies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475

                Risk Reporting.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477

                Business Impact Analysis.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483

CHAPTER 25: Third-Party Risk Assessment and Management. . . . . . . . . . 485

                Third-Party Risk Management.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 494

CHAPTER 26: Security Compliance.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495

                Compliance Reporting and Monitoring.. . . . . . . . . . . . 496

                Privacy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507

CHAPTER 27: Security Audits and Assessments.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509

                Audits and Assessments.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510

                Penetration Testing.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523

CHAPTER 28: Security Awareness Practices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525

                Security Awareness.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526

                What Next?.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550

Glossary of Essential Terms.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551

Cram Sheet.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603

9780138225575, TOC, 7/3/2024

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