%PDF-1.4 % 38 0 obj <> endobj 40 0 obj <> endobj 42 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 490.9954 20.9379 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 512.4738 20.9379 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 543.321 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 572.364 .014984 .51599 31.274 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 587.3827 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (1)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 36 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 143.6318 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 35 482.3995 Tm -.005 Tc [(The tr)19.5(ansfer of personal data out of the E)8.3(u)0(r)9.8(opean)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 229.438 482.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 470.3995 Tm -.005 Tc [(Union \(EU\) t)9.8(o)0( nations ar)9.8(ound the world takes place)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.7938 470.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 458.3995 Tm -.005 Tc [(tens of thousands of times e)6.3(very day, and it has)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 223.045 458.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 446.3995 Tm -.005 Tc (been occurring for so long that it has largely)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 208.255 446.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 434.3995 Tm -.005 Tc [(become r)9.8(outine business. )19.5(Typically made in a)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 214.427 434.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 422.3995 Tm -.005 Tc [(commer)9.3(cial context, the data may inv)7.3(olve personal)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 235.2564 422.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 410.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(tr)19.5(a)7.3(vel information, employee healthcare data,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 212.5759 410.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 398.3994 Tm -.005 Tc (privileged communications or any number of other)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.1543 398.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 386.3994 Tm -.005 Tc (types of personal data. Until the summer of 2020,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 229.5962 386.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 374.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(the legal pr)9.8(ot)9.8(ocols for the mo)7.3(vement of personal)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 227.5274 374.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 362.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(data out of the EU were well underst)9.8(ood and widely)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 236.5823 362.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 350.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(accepted by multinational organizations. Howe)6.3(ver)60.1(,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 233.5381 350.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 338.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(on 16 July 2020, the Cour)-24.4(t of Justice of the EU)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 217.8471 338.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 326.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(\(CJEU\) rendered what is likely t)9.8(o)0( be its most)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 208.9812 326.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 314.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(disruptive decision t)9.8(o)0( international commer)9.3(ce )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 217.8219 314.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 302.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(t)9.8(o)0( date.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 64.9009 302.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 278.3994 Tm -.005 Tc (In case C-311/18)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 102.4834 278.3994 Tm [( Data Pr)9.8(otection Commissioner v)52.2(.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 231.9659 278.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 266.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(F)16.6(acebook Ireland Ltd and Maximillian Schrems)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 5.4 0 0 5.4 215.9782 270.1743 Tm 0 Tc (1)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 218.9655 270.1743 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 254.3995 Tm -.0051 Tc .0001 Tw (\(Schrems II\), the CJEU invalidated the US-EU)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 209.8083 254.3995 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 242.3994 Tm -.0051 Tc .0001 Tw [(Privacy Shield Pr)5.8(ogr)11.6(am, a data tr)11.6(ansfer pr)5.8(ot)5.8(ocol)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 223.3966 242.3994 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 230.3994 Tm -.0051 Tc .0001 Tw (that had been negotiated over the course of two)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 223.9249 230.3994 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 218.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(and a half years by the US Depar)-14.7(tment of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 196.3256 218.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 206.3994 Tm -.0051 Tc .0001 Tw [(Commer)5.5(ce and the Eur)5.8(opean Commission. In doing)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.4516 206.3994 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 194.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(so, it threw int)5.9(o doubt the legality of tr)11.7(ansatlantic)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 227.3904 194.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 182.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(personal data tr)11.7(ansfers for thousands of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 194.559 182.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 170.3994 Tm -.0049 Tc -.0001 Tw (organizations, while offering a murky path forward.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 235.532 170.3994 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 158.3994 Tm -.0051 Tc .0001 Tw [(While the CJEU completely invalidated one pr)5.8(ot)5.8(ocol,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 239.8201 158.3994 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 146.3994 Tm -.0052 Tc .0002 Tw (Privacy Shield, it largely upheld the validity of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 211.2271 146.3994 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 134.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(another)36(, known as standard contr)11.7(actual clauses)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 223.7553 134.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 122.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(\(SCCs\). SCCs may continue t)5.9(o)0( be used t)5.9(o)0( legitimize)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.1249 122.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 110.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(the tr)11.7(ansfer of personal data out of the EU, but the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 231.9616 110.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 98.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(CJEU stated that )23.4(supplementary measures now)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 228.9499 98.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 86.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(need t)5.9(o)0( be implemented for tr)11.7(ansfers t)5.9(o)0( countries)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 230.9189 86.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 74.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(where electr)5.9(onic sur)-5.3(veillance puts personal data at)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 235.3631 74.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 62.3994 Tm -.005 Tc (risk and if a given country does not offer effective)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 230.2259 62.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 482.3995 Tm -.005 Tc [(redress t)9.8(o)0( EU people \(data subjects\) t)9.8(o)0( enfor)9.3(ce)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 439.1422 482.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 470.3995 Tm -.005 Tc [(their rights. In par)-24.4(ticular)60.1(, two legal instruments that)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 454.0621 470.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 458.3995 Tm -.005 Tc [(make legal the gathering of electr)9.8(onic intelligence)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 449.5399 458.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 446.3995 Tm -.005 Tc (by the US intelligence community, Section 702 of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 445.9131 446.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 434.3995 Tm -.005 Tc [(the US F)10.2(oreign Intelligence Sur)-8.8(veillance Act \(FISA\))]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 451.1835 434.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 422.3995 Tm -.005 Tc (and US Executive Order 12333, were cited by the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 443.7431 422.3995 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 410.3994 Tm -.005 Tc [(Schrems II order as par)-24.4(ticularly threatening t)9.8(o)0( the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 448.3534 410.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 398.3994 Tm -.005 Tc (rights of EU people.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 330.6296 398.3994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT8 1 Tf 30 0 0 30 35 627.7887 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k -.02 Tc (The Impact of Schrems II on the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 30 0 0 30 437.0476 627.7887 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 30 0 0 30 35 593.7887 Tm -.02 Tc (Modern Multinational Information)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 30 0 0 30 455.9888 593.7887 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 30 0 0 30 35 559.7886 Tm -.02 Tc [(Security Pr)19.5(actice, P)5.4(a)0(r)-24.4(t)0( 1)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 30 0 0 30 331.8238 559.7886 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 18 0 0 18 35 529.7886 Tm -.02 Tc [(The P)6.3(otential Disruption t)9.8(o)0( International Commer)9.3(ce)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 .41 .69 0 k 253.5 57.331 349.5 147.437 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 267.5092 185.9063 Tm 0 0 0 0 k (Scott M. Giordano,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 355.8143 185.9063 Tm [( JD, CISSP)158.2(, IAPP FIP)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 448.3685 185.9063 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 267.5092 175.1063 Tm [(Is an att)9.8(orney with more than 20 years of legal, technology and risk)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 533.7782 175.1063 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 267.5092 164.3064 Tm [(management consulting experience. He is vice president, corpor)19.5(ate priv)7.3(acy)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 566.166 164.3064 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 267.5092 153.5063 Tm [(and gener)19.5(al counsel at Spirion, where he ser)-8.8(ves as a subject-matter exper)-24.4(t)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 563.5116 153.5063 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 267.5092 142.7064 Tm [(on multinational data pr)9.8(otection and its intersection with technology, expor)-24.4(t)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 568.8422 142.7064 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 267.5092 131.9063 Tm [(compliance, internal investigations, information go)7.3(vernance and risk)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 539.1219 131.9063 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 267.5092 121.1063 Tm [(management. Prior t)9.8(o)0( joining Spirion, he ser)-8.8(ved as direct)9.8(or of data)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 531.4272 121.1063 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 267.5092 110.3062 Tm [(pr)9.8(otection for Rober)-24.4(t Half Legal and established the global priv)7.3(acy pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 567.4097 110.3062 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 267.5092 99.5064 Tm [(for Esterline )19.5(Technologies Corpor)19.5(ation. During his career)60.1(, Giordano has)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 549.915 99.5064 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 267.5092 88.7064 Tm [(held senior positions at se)6.4(ver)19.5(al legal technology )]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 21.5146 0 TD ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5537 0 TD [(rms and is co-invent)9.8(or of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 565.23 88.7064 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 267.5092 77.9063 Tm [(Intelligent Sear)9.3(ching of Electr)9.8(onically St)9.8(ored Information. He taught the )]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 31.7362 0 TD ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5537 0 TD (rst)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 568.7456 77.9063 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 267.5092 67.1063 Tm [(law school course anywhere on electr)9.8(onic e)6.4(vidence and edisco)7.3(very.)]TJ ET EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 195.899 420.245 423.96 -230.4 re W n 253.5 387.33 356.305 -172.5 re 536.762 67.106 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS1 gs q 350.4 0 0 173.04 253.259 214.565 cm /Im1 Do Q EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 k /GS1 gs 515.27 692.388 53.716 54.884 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q /GS1 gs BT /F1 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 515.27 721.861 Tm .011765 .41569 .94118 0 k .0249 Tc 0 Tw (FEATURE)Tj ET q 1 i 515.284 747.258 53.701 -54.87 re W n q 1 0 0 1 568.985 747.272 cm 0 0 m 0 -54.884 l -9.375 -54.884 l -9.375 -9.9448 l -49.977 -9.9448 l -49.977 0 l 0 0 l f Q EMC Q endstream endobj 43 0 obj <>/XObject<>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 79 0 obj <> endobj 84 0 obj <> endobj 89 0 obj <> endobj 96 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 39.4019 20.9698 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 60.8804 20.9698 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 91.7275 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 30.069 .014984 .51505 31.516 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 12.8637 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (2)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 414.3912 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 522.0229 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 144 584.3686 Tm -.005 Tc [(Data pr)9.8(otection pr)9.8(ofessionals are now tasked with)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 342.1909 584.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 572.3685 Tm -.005 Tc (making sense of what little guidance the CJEU)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 326.9636 572.3685 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 560.3685 Tm -.005 Tc [(offered and le)6.3(ver)19.5(aging the necessary exper)-24.4(tise t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 338.3633 560.3685 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 548.3685 Tm -.005 Tc [(enable continued personal data tr)19.5(ansfers out of the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 345.9725 548.3685 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 536.3685 Tm -.005 Tc (EU. Although the decision received signi)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 17.5271 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (cant)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 324.0148 536.3685 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 524.3685 Tm -.005 Tc [(attention in the priv)7.3(acy space, it went largely)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 318.2427 524.3685 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 512.3685 Tm -.005 Tc (unnoticed elsewhere. In fact, Schrems II may be the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 346.8865 512.3685 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 500.3686 Tm -.005 Tc [(most impor)-24.4(tant legal decision about which most IT)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 344.7924 500.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 488.3686 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ofessionals likely ha)7.3(ve ne)6.3(ver heard. Undoubtedly,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 345.1903 488.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 476.3686 Tm -.005 Tc (the decision will change modern information)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 319.5301 476.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 464.3686 Tm -.005 Tc [(security pr)19.5(actice for pr)9.8(ofessionals inside and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 321.0826 464.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 452.3686 Tm -.005 Tc (outside of the EU.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 213.8192 452.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 144 426.3685 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc [(T)31.7(r)14.6(ansferring Personal Data Out of the EU,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 345.5951 426.3685 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 144 412.3686 Tm -.005 Tc (Pre-Schrems)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 208.5038 412.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 144 394.3686 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(The EU pr)9.8(omulgated its )]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 10.51 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (rst comprehensive data)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 336.6656 394.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 382.3686 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(otection regime in Oct)9.8(ober 1995. )19.5(The EU Data)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 331.9944 382.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 370.3686 Tm -.005 Tc [(Pr)9.8(otection Directive 95/46/EC thus became the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 330.2375 370.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 358.3686 Tm -.005 Tc [(principal data pr)9.8(otection regime for the EU until the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 344.8189 358.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 346.3686 Tm -.005 Tc [(EU Gener)19.5(al Data Pr)9.8(otection Regulation \(GDPR\))]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 326.8152 346.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 334.3686 Tm -.005 Tc (replaced it in May 2018.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 238.1982 338.1435 Tm 0 Tc (2)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 241.1855 334.3686 Tm -.005 Tc ( Under the Directive, there)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 342.3459 334.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 322.3686 Tm -.005 Tc [(were three ways t)9.8(o)0( legally mo)7.3(ve personal data fr)9.8(om)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 347.1382 322.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 310.3686 Tm -.005 Tc [(the EU t)9.8(o)0( the United States \(US\), a nation whose)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 332.8403 310.3686 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 298.3685 Tm -.005 Tc (laws did not \(and still do not\) offer adequate \(i.e.,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 337.1945 298.3685 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 286.3685 Tm -.005 Tc [(essentially equiv)7.3(alent t)9.8(o)0( that of the EU\) pr)9.8(otection)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 340.263 286.3685 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 144 274.3685 Tm -.005 Tc [(t)9.8(o)0( data subjects:)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 209.5224 274.3685 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.7784 256.3925 Tm -.005 Tc (SCCsThese are sets of standard clauses)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 323.6817 256.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 144 256.3925 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (1.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 156.75 244.3925 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(go)7.3(verning data tr)19.5(ansfers out of the EU t)9.8(o)0( nations)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 348.1382 244.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 232.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(that ha)7.3(ve not received a prior ruling fr)9.8(om the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 331.3805 232.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 220.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(E)8.3(u)0(r)9.8(opean Commission \(EC)12.7(\) that their laws offer)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 344.7048 220.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 208.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(adequate pr)9.8(otections t)9.8(o)0( EU personal data. Using)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 347.3141 208.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 196.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(the SCCs, the organization \(referred t)9.8(o)0( as a data)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 345.954 196.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 184.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(contr)9.8(oller by the GDPR\) that is receiving the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 327.9538 184.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 172.3925 Tm -.005 Tc (personal data in a nonadequate nation is)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 317.2451 172.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 160.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(agreeing contr)19.5(actually with the organization)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 329.4182 160.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 148.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(tr)19.5(ansferring it t)9.8(o)0( pr)9.8(otect those data according t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 346.1992 148.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 136.3925 Tm -.005 Tc (the mandates described in the clauses.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 311.2179 136.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 124.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(Typically, SCCs were and are still used as par)-24.4(t of)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 347.623 124.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 112.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(a data pr)9.8(ocessing addendum t)9.8(o)0( a larger)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 313.7843 112.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 100.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(contr)19.5(act. An appendix t)9.8(o)0( the SCCs contains a list)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 348.8149 100.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 88.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(of technical and organizational security contr)9.8(ols)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 346.3012 88.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 156.75 76.3925 Tm -.005 Tc [(that the impor)-24.4(ting organization stipulates t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 329.9621 76.3925 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 679.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(follow)60.5(.3 Dr)19.5(aft updates t)9.8(o)0( the SCCs were made)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 556.6458 679.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 667.1573 Tm -.005 Tc (by the EC in light of the Schrems II decision and)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 562.5029 667.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 655.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(published in No)7.3(vember 2020.)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 490.684 655.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.2783 637.1814 Tm -.005 Tc [(Binding corpor)19.5(ate rulesBinding corpor)19.5(ate rules)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 565.4469 637.1814 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 362.5 637.1814 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (2.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 375.25 625.1814 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (\(BCRs\) are specially agreed upon SCCs for a)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 549.9495 625.1814 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 613.1814 Tm -.005 Tc [(gr)9.8(oup of related enterprises, such as a parent)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 553.8091 613.1814 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 601.1814 Tm -.005 Tc [(enterprise and its subsidiaries scattered ar)9.8(ound)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 563.1499 601.1814 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 589.1814 Tm -.005 Tc (the world, or for multiple locations of a global)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 553.6226 589.1814 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 577.1814 Tm -.005 Tc [(enterprise. Salesfor)9.3(ce, for example, has)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 530.7749 577.1814 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 565.1814 Tm -.005 Tc [(negotiated BCRs for its cloud envir)9.8(onments so)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 558.3982 565.1814 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 553.1813 Tm -.005 Tc (that data can )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 6.0184 0 TD 0 Tc <0008>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5629 0 TD -.005 Tc (ow freely between the clouds.4)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 556.9041 553.1813 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 541.1813 Tm -.005 Tc [(One enterprise de)6.3(velops the dr)19.5(aft rules and)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 544.808 541.1813 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 529.1813 Tm -.005 Tc [(submits them t)9.8(o)0( an EU data pr)9.8(otection authority)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 564.2892 529.1813 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 517.1813 Tm -.005 Tc [(\(now called a super)-8.8(visory authority\) for appr)9.8(o)7.3(v)7.3(al.)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 567.6918 517.1813 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 505.1813 Tm -.005 Tc [(Once appr)9.8(o)7.3(ved, the BCRs go)7.3(vern the mo)7.3(vement)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 563.1771 505.1813 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 493.1813 Tm -.005 Tc [(of personal data among the entity or gr)9.8(oup of)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 554.0344 493.1813 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 481.1813 Tm -.005 Tc [(enterprises. )19.5(Thus, fur)-24.4(ther inv)7.3(olvement of the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 549.5037 481.1813 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 469.1813 Tm -.005 Tc (authority is not necessary unless the enterprises)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 565.9262 469.1813 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 457.1813 Tm -.005 Tc [(want t)9.8(o)0( change how the personal data are)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 540.6583 457.1813 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 445.1813 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ocessed.)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 418.9125 445.1813 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.2783 427.2054 Tm -.005 Tc [(Safe Harbor pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(amThis pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am is an)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 538.9705 427.2054 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 362.5 427.2054 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (3.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 375.25 415.2054 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (agreement established between the US)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 529.5969 415.2054 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 403.2054 Tm -.005 Tc [(Depar)-24.4(tment of Commer)9.3(ce and the EC in 2000 as)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 566.1863 403.2054 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 391.2054 Tm -.005 Tc [(a means of mo)7.3(ving personal data fr)9.8(om the EU t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 566.2501 391.2054 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 379.2054 Tm -.005 Tc [(the US.5 Under the pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am, US enterprises that)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 563.6827 379.2054 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 367.2054 Tm -.005 Tc [(wished t)9.8(o)0( impor)-24.4(t EU personal data would self-)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 355.2054 Tm [(cer)-24.4(tify that they are compliant with the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 526.8946 355.2054 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 343.2054 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am)54.7(s requirements, which includes notice)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 558.5476 343.2054 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 331.2054 Tm -.005 Tc [(and choice given t)9.8(o)0( data subjects and data)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 544.0794 331.2054 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 319.2054 Tm -.005 Tc [(security requirements. )19.5(The enterprises were)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 548.2753 319.2054 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 307.2053 Tm -.005 Tc [(listed in a direct)9.8(ory published by the US)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 529.9302 307.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 295.2053 Tm -.005 Tc [(Depar)-24.4(tment of Commer)9.3(ce and were allowed t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 559.6141 295.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 283.2053 Tm -.005 Tc [(adver)-24.4(tise their compliance on their websites and)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 566.4238 283.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 271.2053 Tm -.005 Tc [(elsewhere. )19.5(The Safe Harbor pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am was)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 538.485 271.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 259.2053 Tm -.005 Tc [(enfor)9.3(ced by the US Feder)19.5(al )19.5(T)36.6(r)19.5(ade Commission)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 557.8642 259.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 375.25 247.2053 Tm -.005 Tc [(\(F)-9.8(TC)12.7(\).)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 399.7301 247.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 229.2053 Tm -.02 Tc (Those US enterprises that chose Safe Harbor as a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 552.6301 229.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 217.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(tr)19.5(ansfer mechanism likely did so because it was)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 545.2514 217.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 205.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(relatively simple and cost-effective. )19.5(They needed only)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 565.5512 205.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 193.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(t)9.8(o)0( conduct an internal re)6.3(view for compliance with the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 564.2107 193.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 181.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(principles of the pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am, make any needed changes)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 564.052 181.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 169.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(and self-cer)-24.4(tify. Howe)6.3(ver)60.1(, all of that changed in the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 554.4548 169.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 157.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(wake of Edward Snowden)39.1()54.7(s)0( disclosures related t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 550.8765 157.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 145.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(sur)-8.8(veillance oper)19.5(ations conducted by the US National)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 565.9376 145.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 133.2053 Tm -.02 Tc (Security Agency \(NSA\) in June 2013.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 502.3981 136.9803 Tm 0 Tc (6)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 505.2504 133.2053 Tm -.02 Tc ( Among the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 549.4788 133.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 121.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(re)6.3(velations was a pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am called PRISM,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 517.9336 124.9803 Tm 0 Tc (7)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 520.7859 121.2053 Tm -.02 Tc ( which)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 545.5062 121.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 109.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(inv)7.3(olved the NSA tapping int)9.8(o the communications of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 565.5638 109.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 97.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(Internet ser)-8.8(vice pr)9.8(o)7.3(viders such as Micr)9.8(osoft, Google,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 562.2903 97.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 85.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(Y)35.6(ahoo and F)16.6(acebook and har)-8.8(vesting personal data.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 558.1233 88.9803 Tm 0 Tc (8)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 560.9756 85.2053 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 362.5 73.2053 Tm -.02 Tc [(F)16.6(acebook was for)-8.3(warding data about its users t)9.8(o)0( the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 563.1337 73.2053 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .02 .8 .86 0 k /GS1 gs 0 605.389 348.771 83.199 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 32.7109 647.4028 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 46.6182 667.403 Tm 0 0 0 0 k [( SCHREMS II MA)45.9(Y BE )19.5(THE MOST)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 249.5772 667.403 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 32.7109 649.403 Tm [(IMPOR)39.1(T)38.6(ANT)19.5( LEGAL DECISION ABOUT)19.5( WHICH)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 317.544 649.403 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 32.7109 631.403 Tm [(MOST)19.5( IT)19.5( PROFESSIONALS LIKEL)116.7(Y H)-8.8(A)42.5(VE)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 282.3526 631.403 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 32.7109 613.403 Tm (NEVER HEARD. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 131.6201 593.4028 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k ()Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 97 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 133 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 490.9954 20.9379 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 512.4738 20.9379 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 543.321 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 572.364 .014984 .51599 31.274 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 587.3827 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (3)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 36 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 143.6318 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 36 679.1573 Tm -.02 Tc (NSA for reasons of espionage, national security and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 236.5239 679.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 667.1573 Tm -.02 Tc [(other matters.)83()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 92.3232 670.9323 Tm 0 Tc (9)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 95.1755 670.9323 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 643.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(As a result, A)5.4(ustrian priv)7.3(acy activist Maximilian)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 221.3237 643.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 631.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(Schrems, a F)16.6(acebook user)60.1(, )]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 11.9413 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (led a complaint with)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 227.9132 631.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 619.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(the Data Pr)9.8(otection Commissioner of Ireland)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 211.8817 619.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 607.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(against F)16.6(acebook Ireland Ltd. )19.5(The essence of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 215.0842 607.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 595.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(Schrems)54.7(s argument was that there is no US)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 210.1248 595.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 583.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(adequacy under the pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am if the go)7.3(vernment can)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 237.8041 583.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 571.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(cir)9.3(cumvent the Safe Harbor pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am by asking US)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 232.9317 571.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 559.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(enterprises t)9.8(o)0( send EU personal data without the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 227.6703 559.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 547.1573 Tm -.005 Tc (consent of the data subject and without any)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 208.6692 547.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 535.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(possibility of redress in US cour)-24.4(ts. Howe)6.3(ver)60.1(, the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 223.5122 535.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 523.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(Data Pr)9.8(otection Commissioner did not )]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 17.0245 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (nd any)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 220.2785 523.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 511.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(merit t)9.8(o)0( the complaint and, after Schrems)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 199.7768 511.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 499.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(challenged its decision in the Irish cour)-24.4(ts, the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 213.5947 499.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 487.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(matter was referred t)9.8(o)0( the CJEU in June 2014.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 218.0364 487.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 463.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(On 6 Oct)9.8(ober 2015, the CJEU inv)7.3(alidated the Safe)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 230.2939 463.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 451.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(Harbor pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am upon re)6.3(view)60.5(, citing two fatal)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 210.8875 451.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 439.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(oblems with it: )19.5(The data in question were subject)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 236.496 439.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 427.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(t)9.8(o)0( legislation permitting the public authorities [in)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 229.2825 427.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 415.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(the US] t)9.8(o)0( ha)7.3(ve access on a gener)19.5(alized basis t)9.8(o)0( the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 240.4762 415.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 403.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(content of electr)9.8(onic communications,)83()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 190.4107 406.9323 Tm -.0083 Tc (10)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 196.3854 403.1573 Tm -.005 Tc ( and EU)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 226.4147 403.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 391.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(data subjects did not ha)7.3(ve )24.4(an effective remedy)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 222.8112 391.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 379.1573 Tm -.005 Tc (before a tribunal in the US.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 143.4163 382.9323 Tm -.0083 Tc (11)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 149.3907 379.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [( )19.5(This legislation is the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.8175 379.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 367.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(US F)10.2(oreign Intelligence Sur)-8.8(veillance Act of 1978)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 224.7875 367.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 355.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(\(FISA\), which authorizes electr)9.8(onic sur)-8.8(veillance)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 225.1206 355.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 343.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(and physical sear)9.3(ch of persons engaged in)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 204.4965 343.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 331.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(espionage or international terr)9.8(orism against the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 223.5176 331.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 319.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(United States on behalf of a foreign power)60.1(.)83()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 206.4621 322.9323 Tm -.0083 Tc (12)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 212.4368 322.9323 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 163.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(Schrems cited a post-9/11 amendment t)9.8(o)0( FISA that)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.9819 163.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 151.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(addresses sur)-8.8(veillance against persons outside of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.0063 151.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 139.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(the US in his complaint t)9.8(o)0( the Commissioner)60.1(.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 213.1462 139.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 127.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(According t)9.8(o)0( a de)]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 7.7099 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (nitive account of the Schrem)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 223.3307 127.1574 Tm 0 Tc (s)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 227.8297 127.1574 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 115.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(saga, the CJEU)54.7(s ruling should ha)7.3(ve been the end of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.9305 115.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 103.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(the matter)60.1(.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 78.7035 106.9323 Tm -.0083 Tc (13)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 84.6779 103.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [( Howe)6.3(ver)60.1(, in No)7.3(vember 2015, the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 214.0032 103.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 91.1574 Tm -.005 Tc (Commissioner informed Schrems that the ruling)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 225.7663 91.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 79.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(was irrele)6.3(v)7.3(ant )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 93.1134 79.1574 Tm (vis--vis)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 124.3623 79.1574 Tm ( his earlier complaint)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 206.6798 79.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 679.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(because F)16.6(acebook had relied on SCCs for its)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 431.2969 679.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 667.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(impor)-24.4(tation int)9.8(o the US, not Safe Harbor)60.1(.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 414.3712 670.9323 Tm -.0083 Tc (14)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 420.3457 667.1573 Tm -.005 Tc ( Although)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 458.2216 667.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 655.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(the legitimacy of Safe Harbor as a data tr)19.5(ansfer)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 441.799 655.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 643.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(mechanism was resolved, the legality of F)16.6(acebook)54.7(s)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 459.4145 643.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 631.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(tr)19.5(ansatlantic tr)19.5(ansfers of personal data was not.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 444.483 631.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 619.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(Schrems amended his complaint t)9.8(o)0( address)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 428.9357 619.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 607.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(F)16.6(acebook)54.7(s use of SCCs and potentially other data)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 452.7755 607.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 595.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(tr)19.5(ansfer mechanisms.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 341.4349 598.9323 Tm -.0083 Tc (15)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 347.4095 598.9323 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 254.9494 569.1573 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc [(The Road t)14.6(o)0( Schrems II)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 368.9176 569.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 254.9494 551.1573 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Almost immediately after the inv)7.3(alidation of the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 442.111 551.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 539.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(Safe Harbor pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am, negotiat)9.8(ors at the US)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 425.0312 539.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 527.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(Depar)-24.4(tment of Commer)9.3(ce and the EC acceler)19.5(ated)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 451.0702 527.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 515.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(discussions of a replacement for Safe Harbor)60.1(. On)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 449.2961 515.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 503.1574 Tm -.005 Tc (12 July 2016, the EC deemed that replacement, the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 455.1573 503.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 491.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(EU-US Priv)7.3(acy Shield F)12.7(r)19.5(amework, adequate t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 434.2939 491.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 479.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(enable data tr)19.5(ansfers under EU law)60.5(,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 393.6748 482.9323 Tm -.0083 Tc (16)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 399.6492 479.1574 Tm -.005 Tc ( and US-based)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 456.545 479.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 467.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(enterprises began self-cer)-24.4(tifying under the new)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 440.1477 467.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 455.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am)54.7(s mandates. Meanwhile, by May 2016, the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 454.5046 455.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 443.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(amended Schrems complaint had made its way t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 452.4809 443.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 431.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(the Irish High Cour)-24.4(t, wherein F)16.6(acebook argued that)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 454.8223 431.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 419.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(since Priv)7.3(acy Shield passed EC scrutiny in terms of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 455.7617 419.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 407.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(US sur)-8.8(veillance laws vs. EU fundamental rights,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 441.176 407.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 395.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(tr)19.5(ansfers under SCCs should also remain)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 416.2892 395.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 383.1574 Tm -.005 Tc (legitimate.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 296.6245 386.9323 Tm -.0083 Tc (17)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 302.599 383.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [( )19.5(The High Cour)-24.4(t listened t)9.8(o)0( testimony)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 449.215 383.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 371.1574 Tm -.005 Tc (on the matter)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 308.0613 374.9323 Tm -.0083 Tc (18)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 314.0359 371.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [( fr)9.8(om both sides and found that the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 453.1437 371.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 359.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(US go)7.3(vernment had engaged in mass)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 405.4487 359.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 347.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(indiscriminate pr)9.8(ocessing of data)32.7( and issued a)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 442.0198 347.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 335.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(referr)19.5(al of the entire matter)60.1(, including 11 questions,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 455.6179 335.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 323.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(t)9.8(o)0( the CJEU for a preliminary ruling.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 394.5033 326.9323 Tm -.0083 Tc (19)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 400.4777 323.1573 Tm -.005 Tc -.0195 Tw [( The )-19.5(CJEU)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 441.2234 323.1573 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 311.1573 Tm -.005 Tc (would later cite the )Tj /TT9 1 Tf 8.5762 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (ndings of fact by the Irish High)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 457.6657 311.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 299.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(Cour)-24.4(t extensively in its ruling.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 370.5494 299.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 254.9494 273.1573 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc (The Schrems II Decision)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 373.7126 273.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 254.9494 255.1574 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (On 16 July 2020, the CJEU handed down what)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 436.167 255.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 243.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(would become known as Schrems II. )19.5(The decision)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 452.0314 243.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 231.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(both inv)7.3(alidated Priv)7.3(acy Shield and called int)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 435.2083 231.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 219.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(question data tr)19.5(ansfers using SCCs. Moreo)7.3(ver)60.1(, there)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 460.0419 219.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 207.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(was no gr)19.5(ace period for data expor)-24.4(ters t)9.8(o)0( make)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 441.9285 207.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 195.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(changesthey would ha)7.3(ve t)9.8(o)0( resolve any legitimacy)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 459.1476 195.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 183.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(questions about data tr)19.5(ansfers immediately. Once)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 451.9899 183.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 171.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(again, the Snowden re)6.3(velations were ha)7.3(ving a)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 434.183 171.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 159.1574 Tm -.005 Tc (substantial \(and likely unforeseen\) impact on)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 432.5516 159.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 147.1574 Tm -.005 Tc [(international commer)9.3(ce.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 351.4075 147.1574 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 123.1573 Tm -.005 Tc (Schrems II cited one US law and two legal)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 419.5919 123.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 111.1573 Tm -.005 Tc (instruments authorizing the gathering of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 413.5548 111.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 99.1573 Tm -.005 Tc (intelligence on non-US persons by the NSA and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 439.7938 99.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 87.1573 Tm -.005 Tc (other agencies within the US intelligence)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 414.5777 87.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 254.9494 75.1573 Tm -.005 Tc [(community and law enfor)9.3(cement agencies. )19.5(The)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 442.1293 75.1573 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .02 .8 .86 0 k /GS1 gs 35.538 183.542 204.052 120.57 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 40.5381 262.9272 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 53.5055 282.9275 Tm 0 0 0 0 k -.02 Tc -.0195 Tw [( THE )-19.5(SNOWDEN)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 150.5454 282.9275 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 40.5381 264.9275 Tm -.02 Tc [(REVEL)-9.3(A)63(TIONS WERE )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 169.0934 264.9275 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 40.5381 246.9275 Tm -.02 Tc [(H)-8.8(A)42.5(VING A SUBST)38.6(ANTIAL )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 195.2217 246.9275 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 40.5381 228.9275 Tm -.02 Tc [(\(AND LIKEL)116.7(Y UNFORESEEN\))]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 208.5591 228.9275 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 40.5381 210.9275 Tm -.02 Tc [(IMP)67.4(AC)14.2(T)19.5( ON INTERNA)63(TIONAL)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 216.065 210.9275 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 40.5381 192.9275 Tm -.02 Tc (COMMERCE. )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 121.718 172.9272 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k 0 Tc ()Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 134 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 154 0 obj <> endobj 159 0 obj <> endobj 164 0 obj <> endobj 181 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 39.4019 20.9698 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 60.8804 20.9698 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 91.7275 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 30.069 .014984 .51505 31.516 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 12.8637 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (4)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 414.3912 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 522.0229 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 143 657.2871 Tm -.005 Tc [(decision alleges that there are shor)-24.4(tcomings in)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 327.983 657.2871 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 645.2871 Tm -.005 Tc (these laws insofar as they do not offer non-US)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 324.9254 645.2871 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 633.287 Tm -.005 Tc [(persons meaningful ways t)9.8(o)0( challenge their)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 314.4004 633.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 621.287 Tm -.005 Tc [(application in US cour)-24.4(ts. )19.5(The legal mechanisms)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 330.3746 621.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 609.287 Tm -.005 Tc (cited include:)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 195.3069 609.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 154.016 591.311 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k -.005 Tc (Executive Order 12333)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 245.1631 591.311 Tm 0 0 0 1 k (Executive Order 12333)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 341.3146 591.311 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT13 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 143 591.311 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k ()Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 154.016 579.311 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (was issued by US President Ronald Reagan in)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 333.8571 579.311 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 567.311 Tm -.005 Tc (1981 and expanded the US intelligence)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 307.2149 567.311 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 555.311 Tm -.005 Tc [(community)54.7(s ability t)9.8(o)0( obtain electr)9.8(onic)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 308.1743 555.311 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 543.311 Tm -.005 Tc [(intelligence by )24.4(accessing under)-8.3(water cables on)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 343.2002 543.311 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 531.311 Tm -.005 Tc (the )Tj /TT1 1 Tf 1.6348 0 TD 0 Tc <0008>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5629 0 TD -.005 Tc [(oor of the A)8.3(tlantic, and t)9.8(o)0( collect and retain)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 343.4554 531.311 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 519.311 Tm -.005 Tc (such data before arriving in the United States and)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 348.3298 519.311 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 507.3111 Tm -.02 Tc [(being subject there t)9.8(o)0( the FISA.)83()]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 275.048 511.0861 Tm -.0333 Tc (20)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 280.7527 507.3111 Tm -.02 Tc ( In doing so, such)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 347.0564 507.3111 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 495.3111 Tm -.02 Tc [(upstream collection of personal data fr)9.8(om non-)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 483.3111 Tm [(US persons defeats the oppor)-24.4(tunity t)9.8(o)0( offer)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 318.9995 483.3111 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 471.3111 Tm -.02 Tc [(pr)9.8(otection t)9.8(o)0( such data offered by the FISA Cour)-24.4(t)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 340.6659 471.3111 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 459.3111 Tm -.02 Tc [(\(FISC)12.7(\)and, presumably, oppor)-24.4(tunities t)9.8(o)0( pr)9.8(otect)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 340.9338 459.3111 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 447.3111 Tm -.02 Tc (the con)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 3.1603 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5337 0 TD -.02 Tc (dentiality of such data by the data)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 315.8401 447.3111 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 435.3111 Tm -.02 Tc [(expor)-24.4(ter before it reaches the impor)-24.4(ter)60.1(. In fact, one)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 347.0124 435.3111 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 423.3111 Tm -.02 Tc [(pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am cited by Snowden that r)19.5(an under the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 325.6574 423.3111 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 411.3111 Tm -.02 Tc (auspices of 12333 was itself called UPSTREAM.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 337.5977 415.0861 Tm -.0333 Tc (21)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 343.3022 415.0861 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 154.016 393.3351 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k -.005 Tc (FISA 702)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 198.3376 393.3351 Tm 0 0 0 1 k (FISA was )Tj /TT9 1 Tf 5.1072 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(rst pr)9.8(omulgated in 1978)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 343.7833 393.3351 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT13 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 143 393.3351 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k ()Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 154.016 381.3351 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(and was designed only t)9.8(o)0( pr)9.8(otect US citizens. In)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 342.2807 381.3351 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 369.3351 Tm -.005 Tc [(the years following the 9/11 attacks, the need t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 343.743 369.3351 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 357.3351 Tm -.005 Tc [(address changes in technology and t)9.8(o)0( speed up)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 342.2003 357.3351 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 345.3351 Tm -.005 Tc [(the ability t)9.8(o)0( target non-US persons led t)9.8(o)0( the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 331.3525 345.3351 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 333.3351 Tm -.005 Tc (passage of the FISA Amendments Act of 2008.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 339.3063 337.1101 Tm -.0083 Tc (22)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 345.2809 333.3351 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 321.3351 Tm -.005 Tc [(Changes t)9.8(o)0( FISA, found in 702, included the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 332.7828 321.3351 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 309.3351 Tm -.005 Tc [(remo)7.3(v)7.3(al of the FISC)54.7(s jurisdiction o)7.3(ver the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 317.158 309.3351 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 297.335 Tm -.005 Tc (selection of individuals targeted by law)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 307.2513 297.335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 285.335 Tm -.005 Tc [(enfor)9.3(cement and intelligence agencies and the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 338.3199 285.335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 273.335 Tm -.005 Tc [(degr)19.5(adation of the legal threshold fr)9.8(om one of)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 335.3262 273.335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 261.335 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(obable cause)6.8( t)9.8(o)0( one of reasonably belie)6.3(ved)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 341.8906 261.335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 249.335 Tm -.005 Tc [(t)9.8(o)0( be located outside the United States[.] )19.5(The)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 333.9409 249.335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 237.335 Tm -.005 Tc [(Irish High Cour)-24.4(t, in its referr)19.5(al, stated that)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 315.7222 237.335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 225.335 Tm -.005 Tc [(because the FISC only appr)9.8(o)7.3(ves intelligence)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 327.3005 225.335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 213.335 Tm -.005 Tc [(gathering pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(ams, r)19.5(ather than addressing)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 324.7176 213.335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 201.335 Tm -.005 Tc [(whether individuals are pr)9.8(operly targeted, 702)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 341.2173 201.335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 189.335 Tm -.005 Tc (does not indicate any limitations on the power it)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 346.0579 189.335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 177.3351 Tm -.005 Tc [(confers t)9.8(o)0( implement sur)-8.8(veillance pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(ams for)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 341.628 177.3351 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 165.3351 Tm -.005 Tc (the purpose of foreign intelligence[.])Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 299.039 169.1101 Tm -.0083 Tc (23)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 305.0135 169.1101 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 154.016 147.359 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k -.005 Tc [(Presidential P)6.3(olicy Directive 28)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 278.9457 147.359 Tm 0 0 0 1 k (Presidential)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 332.7169 147.359 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT13 1 Tf 12 0 0 12 143 147.359 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k ()Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 154.016 135.359 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(P)6.3(olicy Directive 28 \(PPD-28\) was issued by US)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 335.7535 135.359 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 123.359 Tm -.005 Tc [(President Bar)19.5(ack Obama on 17 January 2014,)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 334.1877 123.359 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 111.359 Tm -.005 Tc (some eight months after the Snowden)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 304.8835 111.359 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 99.359 Tm -.005 Tc [(re)6.3(velations. PPD-28 purpor)-24.4(ts t)9.8(o)0( require the US)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 335.1548 99.359 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 154.016 87.359 Tm -.005 Tc [(intelligence community t)9.8(o)0( minimize the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 308.9936 87.359 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 372.516 657.2871 Tm -.005 Tc (collection of the personal information of non-US)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 561.6816 657.2871 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 372.516 645.2871 Tm -.005 Tc [(persons. Howe)6.3(ver)60.1(, the Irish High Cour)-24.4(t explicitly)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 560.3402 645.2871 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 372.516 633.287 Tm -.005 Tc (found that PPD-28 offers insuf)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 13.3461 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(cient pr)9.8(otection)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 559.4282 633.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 372.516 621.287 Tm -.005 Tc (for the personal data of those persons, stating)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 554.7744 621.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 372.516 609.287 Tm -.005 Tc (that PPD)Tj /TT1 1 Tf 4.2216 0 TD 0 Tc <0002>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .2704 0 TD -.005 Tc [(28 does not gr)19.5(ant data subjects)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 537.8398 609.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 372.516 597.287 Tm -.005 Tc [(actionable rights before the cour)-24.4(ts against the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 554.7524 597.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 372.516 585.287 Tm -.005 Tc [(US authorities.)83()]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 432.6825 589.062 Tm -.0083 Tc (24)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 438.6571 589.062 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 361.5 433.2871 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc [(The Inv)7.3(alidation of Priv)7.3(acy Shield)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 524.894 433.2871 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 415.2871 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Looking at the t)9.8(otality of these three legal)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 524.7639 415.2871 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 403.2871 Tm -.005 Tc (instruments and the resultant lack of ability of non-)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 391.2871 Tm [(US persons t)9.8(o)0( effectively challenge them in US)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 544.9811 391.2871 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 379.2871 Tm -.005 Tc [(cour)-24.4(ts, the CJEU inv)7.3(alidated the Priv)7.3(acy Shield)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 544.3121 379.2871 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 367.2871 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am, stating that:)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 446.1027 367.2871 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.5 349.2871 Tm -.02 Tc [([T]he Priv)7.3(acy Shield Decision cannot ensure)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 542.2556 349.2871 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 337.2871 Tm -.02 Tc [(a le)6.3(vel of pr)9.8(otection essentially equiv)7.3(alent t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 544.7789 337.2871 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 325.287 Tm -.02 Tc [(that arising fr)9.8(om the Char)-24.4(ter)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT15 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 485.2733 325.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 487.3126 325.287 Tm -.02 Tc [([of F)10.7(undamental)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 548.6017 325.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 313.287 Tm -.02 Tc [(Rights of the E)8.3(u)0(r)9.8(opean Union], contr)19.5(ary t)9.8(o)0( the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 548.1318 313.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 301.287 Tm -.02 Tc [(requirement in Ar)-24.4(ticle 45\(2\)\(a\) of the GDPR)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 540.0451 301.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 289.287 Tm -.02 Tc (that a )Tj /TT16 1 Tf 2.5983 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT4 1 Tf .522 0 TD -.02 Tc [(nding of equiv)7.3(alence depends, inter)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 539.6144 289.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 277.287 Tm -.02 Tc (alia, on whether data subjects whose)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 517.4734 277.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 265.287 Tm -.02 Tc [(personal data are being tr)19.5(ansferred t)9.8(o)0( the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 534.187 265.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 253.287 Tm -.02 Tc [(third country in question ha)7.3(ve effective and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 540.3838 253.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 241.287 Tm -.02 Tc [(enfor)9.3(ceable rights.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 5.4 0 0 5.4 449.412 245.062 Tm -.0333 Tc (25)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 455.1165 245.062 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 217.287 Tm -.005 Tc (The CJEU later concluded that:)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 483.2633 217.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.5 199.287 Tm -.005 Tc (It follows therefore that neither Section 702)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 547.2938 199.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 187.287 Tm -.005 Tc [(of the FISA, nor E.O)49.8(. 12333, read in)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 512.9597 187.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 175.287 Tm -.005 Tc (conjunction with PPD)Tj /TT3 1 Tf 9.1994 0 TD 0 Tc <0008>Tj /TT4 1 Tf .267 0 TD -.005 Tc [(28, correlates t)9.8(o)0( the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 541.6322 175.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 163.287 Tm -.005 Tc (minimum safeguards resulting, under EU)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 536.8243 163.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 151.287 Tm -.005 Tc [(law)60.5(, fr)9.8(om the principle of pr)9.8(opor)-24.4(tionality,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 535.0482 151.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 139.287 Tm -.005 Tc [(with the consequence that the sur)-8.8(veillance)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 544.6381 139.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 127.287 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(ammes based on those pr)9.8(o)7.3(visions)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 532.8978 127.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 115.287 Tm -.005 Tc [(cannot be regarded as limited t)9.8(o)0( what is)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 534.5327 115.287 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.5 103.287 Tm -.005 Tc (strictly necessary.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 5.4 0 0 5.4 449.5027 107.062 Tm -.0083 Tc (26)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 455.4774 107.062 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 79.287 Tm -.005 Tc [(And with that, Priv)7.3(acy Shield was no more.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 528.6376 83.062 Tm -.0083 Tc (27)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 534.6122 83.062 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .02 .8 .86 0 k /GS1 gs 360.691 454.984 205.885 119.602 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 370.0483 533.4006 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 383.9556 553.401 Tm 0 0 0 0 k [( IT)19.5( IS FOR )19.5(THE DA)63(T)38.6(A)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 511.6646 553.401 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 370.0483 535.401 Tm (CONTROLLER OR)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 478.7193 535.401 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 370.0483 517.401 Tm -.0195 Tw [(PROCESSOR T)13.7(O)0( )-19.5(PRO)10.7(VIDE)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 530.2759 517.401 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 370.0483 499.401 Tm [()58.6(APPROPRIA)63(TE SAFEGU)10.7(ARDS)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 555.9858 499.401 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 370.0483 481.401 Tm [(T)13.7(O)0( PRO)13.2(TEC)14.2(T)19.5( )19.5(THE DA)63(T)38.6(A)0( IN)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 536.0797 481.401 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 370.0483 463.401 Tm -.0195 Tw [(THE TRANSAC)14.2(TION. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 500.8882 443.4007 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k 0 Tw ()Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 182 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 212 0 obj <> endobj 217 0 obj <> endobj 222 0 obj <> endobj 233 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 490.9954 20.9379 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 512.4738 20.9379 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 543.321 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 572.364 .014984 .51599 31.274 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 587.3827 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (5)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 36 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 143.6318 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 34.6153 655.8004 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc [()58.6(Additional Safeguards Putting US)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 206.6084 655.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 34.6153 641.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(Enterprises in a )29.3(T)101.6(ough Spot)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 168.5309 641.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 34.6153 623.8004 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(When the Irish High Cour)-24.4(t referred the second)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 215.1662 623.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 611.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(Schrems complaint t)9.8(o)0( the CJEU, it did so by asking)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.7475 611.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 599.8004 Tm -.005 Tc (for a preliminary ruling on 11 questions, nearly all of)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.2096 599.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 587.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(which addressed the v)7.3(alidity of SCCs. Since the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 221.2902 587.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 575.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(Schrems I decision, the EU both br)9.8(ought int)9.8(o for)9.3(ce)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 231.9922 575.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 563.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(and began enfor)9.3(cement of the GDPR. Ar)-24.4(ticles )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 215.9979 563.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 551.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(4450 of the GDPR address the tr)19.5(ansfer of personal)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 239.4805 551.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 539.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(data outside the EU, and, in par)-24.4(ticular)60.1(, Ar)-24.4(ticle 46)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 222.2791 539.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 527.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(addresses the use of legal agreements t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 197.8219 527.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 515.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(effectuate that tr)19.5(ansfer if the contr)9.8(oller or)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 201.2522 515.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 503.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ocessor has pr)9.8(o)7.3(vided appr)9.8(opriate safeguards[.])]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 231.8482 506.7704 Tm -.0083 Tc (28)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 237.8228 503.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 491.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(SCCs are referred t)9.8(o)0( in this ar)-24.4(ticle as )39.1(standard data)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.7952 491.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 479.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(otection clauses.)83()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 112.3602 482.7704 Tm -.0083 Tc (29)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 118.3346 479.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 455.8004 Tm -.005 Tc (In answering the referred questions on SCCs, the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 226.6241 455.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 443.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(CJEU held that the E)8.3(u)0(r)9.8(opean Commission \(which)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 228.051 443.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 431.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(appr)9.8(o)7.3(ved the SCCs originally\) does not ha)7.3(ve t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 218.4919 431.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 419.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(investigate the adequacy of the le)6.3(vel of data)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 208.4207 419.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 407.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(otection ensured by potential non-EU destination)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.0708 407.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 395.8004 Tm -.005 Tc (countries for EU personal data. Instead, it is for the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.115 395.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 383.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(data contr)9.8(oller or pr)9.8(ocessor t)9.8(o)0( pr)9.8(o)7.3(vide )24.4(appr)9.8(opriate)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 236.1035 383.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 371.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(safeguards t)9.8(o)0( pr)9.8(otect the data in the tr)19.5(ansaction.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 230.5058 371.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 359.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [(The Cour)-24.4(t then discussed se)6.3(ver)19.5(al v)7.3(ariations of this)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.083 359.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 34.6153 347.8004 Tm -.005 Tc [()39.1(safeguards theme, three of which include:)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 205.3861 347.8004 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3937 329.8244 Tm ()Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 50.5303 329.8244 Tm -.02 Tc [(The possibility for the contr)9.8(oller t)9.8(o)0( use standard)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 232.5485 329.8244 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 34.6153 329.8244 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (1.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 47.3653 317.8244 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.02 Tc [(data-pr)9.8(otection clauses adopted by the E)8.3(u)0(r)9.8(opean)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.5992 317.8244 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 305.8244 Tm -.02 Tc [(Commission should not pre)6.3(vent it fr)9.8(om adding)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 224.6318 305.8244 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 293.8244 Tm -.02 Tc (other clauses or additional safeguards and states.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.3177 293.8244 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 281.8244 Tm -.02 Tc [(The contr)9.8(oller should be encour)19.5(aged t)9.8(o)0( pr)9.8(o)7.3(vide)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 226.9834 281.8244 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 269.8244 Tm -.02 Tc (additional safeguards that supplement standard)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 231.1097 269.8244 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 257.8244 Tm -.02 Tc [(data pr)9.8(otection clauses.)83()]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 141.5452 261.5994 Tm -.0333 Tc (30)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 147.2496 261.5994 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3937 239.8483 Tm -.005 Tc [(In so far as those standard data pr)9.8(otection)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 218.5413 239.8483 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 34.6153 239.8483 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (2.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 47.3653 227.8483 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(clauses cannot...pr)9.8(o)7.3(vide guar)19.5(antees beyond a)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 228.1766 227.8483 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 215.8483 Tm -.005 Tc [(contr)19.5(actual obligation t)9.8(o)0( ensure compliance with)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 239.7389 215.8483 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 203.8483 Tm -.005 Tc [(the le)6.3(vel of pr)9.8(otection required under EU law)60.5(,)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 222.5979 203.8483 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 191.8483 Tm -.005 Tc [(they may require, depending on the pre)6.3(v)7.3(ailing)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 225.5564 191.8483 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 179.8483 Tm -.005 Tc [(position in a par)-24.4(ticular third country, the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 203.8539 179.8483 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 167.8483 Tm -.005 Tc (adoption of supplementary measures by the)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 221.289 167.8483 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 155.8483 Tm -.005 Tc [(contr)9.8(oller in order t)9.8(o)0( ensure compliance with)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 223.4162 155.8483 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 143.8483 Tm -.005 Tc [(that le)6.3(vel of pr)9.8(otection.)83()]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 140.6914 147.6234 Tm -.0083 Tc (31)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 146.666 147.6234 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3937 125.8723 Tm -.005 Tc [(It is therefore, abo)7.3(ve all,...t)9.8(o verify, on a case-by-)]TJ ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 34.6153 125.8723 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k 0 Tc (3.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 47.3653 113.8723 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(case basis and, where appr)9.8(opriate...whether the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 235.7584 113.8723 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 101.8723 Tm -.005 Tc (law of the third country of destination ensures)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 228.5689 101.8723 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 89.8723 Tm -.005 Tc [(adequate pr)9.8(otection, under EU law)60.5(, of personal)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 230.4026 89.8723 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 77.8723 Tm -.005 Tc [(data tr)19.5(ansferred pursuant t)9.8(o)0( standard data)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 215.3467 77.8723 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 47.3653 65.8723 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(otection clauses, by pr)9.8(o)7.3(viding, where)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 200.1403 65.8723 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 265.8654 491.9532 Tm -.005 Tc [(necessary, additional safeguards t)9.8(o)0( those)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 430.4462 491.9532 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 265.8654 479.9532 Tm -.005 Tc [(offered by those clauses.)83()]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 367.8002 483.7281 Tm -.0083 Tc (32)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 373.7748 483.7281 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 461.9532 Tm -.005 Tc (Wh)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 265.9672 461.9532 Tm -.02 Tc (at is remarkable about these holdings is that)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 435.025 461.9532 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 449.9532 Tm -.02 Tc [(nowhere in the Schrems II decision does the Cour)-24.4(t)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 444.6826 449.9532 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 437.9532 Tm -.02 Tc (offer examples of what quali)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 12.0972 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5337 0 TD -.02 Tc (es as a potentially)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 435.4012 437.9532 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 425.9532 Tm -.02 Tc (viable safeguard. Such measures could be technical)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 451.5251 425.9532 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 413.9532 Tm -.02 Tc (or organizational or perhaps a combination of the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 441.4526 413.9532 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 401.9532 Tm -.02 Tc [(two. )19.5(The implication is that the safeguards may need)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 454.9621 401.9532 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 389.9532 Tm -.02 Tc [(t)9.8(o)0( be designed t)9.8(o)0( defeat or slow the collection)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 428.8444 389.9532 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 377.9532 Tm -.02 Tc (capabilities of a state intelligence agency. What is)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 442.6662 377.9532 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 365.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(apparent fr)9.8(om the decision is that the onus of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 426.8799 365.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 353.9533 Tm -.02 Tc (identifying and implementing safeguards that meet)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 448.1016 353.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 341.9533 Tm -.02 Tc (this requirement is now the responsibility of an)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 430.9407 341.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 329.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(organization)39.1()54.7(s)0( data pr)9.8(otection pr)9.8(ofessionals and its)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 447.9485 329.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 317.9533 Tm -.02 Tc (legal counsel. In this respect, Schrems II is not a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 435.6304 317.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 305.9533 Tm -.02 Tc (recipe for clarity or consistency; in fact, it has injected)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 456.3608 305.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 293.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(consider)19.5(able uncer)-24.4(tainty int)9.8(o business )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 402.0933 293.9533 Tm -.005 Tc [(oper)19.5(ations.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 446.5458 293.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 253.1154 267.9532 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc (Conclusion)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 307.9039 267.9532 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 253.1154 249.9532 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (The )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.2586 249.9532 Tm -.02 Tc [(Schrems II decision has called int)9.8(o question the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 451.9425 249.9532 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 237.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(legality of the tr)19.5(ansfers of personal data fr)9.8(om the EU)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 452.1895 237.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 225.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(t)9.8(o)0( the US and other nations. It did so by inv)7.3(alidating)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 447.9972 225.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 213.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(one data tr)19.5(ansfer pr)9.8(ot)9.8(ocol, the Priv)7.3(acy Shield)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 423.2851 213.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 201.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(Pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am, and belaboring another)60.1(, SCCs, with the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 436.4249 201.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 189.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(necessity of supplementary measures t)9.8(o)0( currently)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 443.6366 189.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 177.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(employed cybersecurity contr)9.8(ols. )19.5(The CJEU sees the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 453.1599 177.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 165.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(pr)9.8(ospect of electr)9.8(onic sur)-8.8(veillance by US intelligence)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 453.4948 165.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 153.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(agencies of tr)19.5(ansatlantic data tr)19.5(ansfers as posing)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 442.0065 153.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 141.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(such a threat t)9.8(o)0( the rights of EU people that measures)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 458.355 141.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 129.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(apparently designed t)9.8(o)0( frustr)19.5(ate such sur)-8.8(veillance are)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 457.2389 129.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 117.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(merited. Data pr)9.8(otection pr)9.8(ofessionals are now)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 432.3159 117.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 105.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(tasked with ha)7.3(ving t)9.8(o)0( determine what contr)9.8(ols qualify)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 456.575 105.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 93.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(as meeting this new mandate and t)9.8(o)0( do so largely by)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 453.5601 93.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 81.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(themselves, owing t)9.8(o)0( the CJEU)54.7(s lack of guidance.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 443.6279 81.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.1154 69.9533 Tm -.02 Tc [(F)10.7(u)0(r)-24.4(thermore, those pr)9.8(ofessionals ha)7.3(ve t)9.8(o)0( make this)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 449.3893 69.9533 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .02 .8 .86 0 k /GS1 gs 253.115 511.726 205.885 156.018 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 262.4727 626.5586 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 276.3799 646.5588 Tm 0 0 0 0 k [( DA)63(T)38.6(A)0( PRO)13.2(TEC)14.2(TION)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 401.5733 646.5588 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 262.4727 628.5588 Tm (PROFESSIONALS ARE NOW)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 434.9092 628.5588 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 262.4727 610.5588 Tm [(T)38.6(ASKED WITH H)-8.8(A)42.5(VING )19.5(T)13.7(O)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 426.9865 610.5588 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 262.4727 592.5588 Tm [(DE)-9.8(TERMINE WH)-8.8(A)63(T)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 380.9667 592.5588 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 262.4727 574.5588 Tm [(CONTROLS QU)10.7(ALIFY AS)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 413.1709 574.5588 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 262.4727 556.5588 Tm -.0195 Tw [(MEE)-9.8(TING THIS )-19.5(NEW)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 389.8876 556.5588 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 262.4727 538.5588 Tm [(MANDA)63(TE AND )19.5(T)13.7(O)0( DO SO)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 423.958 538.5588 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 262.4727 520.5588 Tm [(L)-9.3(ARGEL)116.7(Y B)26.8(Y)0( )19.5(THEMSEL)85.4(VES. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 436.5293 500.5585 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k ()Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 234 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 256 0 obj <> endobj 261 0 obj <> endobj 266 0 obj <> endobj 271 0 obj <> endobj 276 0 obj <> endobj 281 0 obj <> endobj 286 0 obj <> endobj 291 0 obj <> endobj 296 0 obj <> endobj 301 0 obj <> endobj 306 0 obj <> endobj 311 0 obj <> endobj 316 0 obj <> endobj 321 0 obj <> endobj 326 0 obj <> endobj 331 0 obj <> endobj 336 0 obj <> endobj 341 0 obj <> endobj 346 0 obj <> endobj 351 0 obj <> endobj 356 0 obj <> endobj 361 0 obj <> endobj 366 0 obj <> endobj 371 0 obj <> endobj 376 0 obj <> endobj 377 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 39.4019 20.9698 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 60.8804 20.9698 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 91.7275 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 30.069 .014984 .51505 31.516 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 12.8637 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (6)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 414.3912 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 522.0229 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 143 669.391 Tm -.02 Tc [(decision in shor)-24.4(t order)60.1(, given that the CJEU)54.7(s decision)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 346.0734 669.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 657.391 Tm -.02 Tc (was effective immediately upon being handed down.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 343.8002 657.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 645.391 Tm -.02 Tc (This combination of lack of legal guidance and the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 335.1871 645.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 633.391 Tm -.02 Tc [(need t)9.8(o)0( immediately change an organization)39.1()54.7(s)0( current)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 346.6969 633.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 621.391 Tm -.02 Tc [(data pr)9.8(otection pr)19.5(actice is all but unprecedented. It)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 336.4315 621.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 609.391 Tm -.02 Tc (may necessitate a complete rethinking of how)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 318.7812 609.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 597.391 Tm -.02 Tc [(pr)19.5(actitioners appr)9.8(oach data pr)9.8(otection in the context)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 343.1244 597.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 585.391 Tm -.02 Tc [(of cr)9.8(oss-border data tr)19.5(ansfers. The Impact of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 317.5599 585.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 573.391 Tm -.02 Tc (Schrems II on the Modern Multinational Information)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 340.2364 573.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 561.391 Tm -.02 Tc [(Security Pr)19.5(actice, P)5.4(a)0(r)-24.4(t)0( 2 will discuss the response)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 334.8097 561.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 549.391 Tm -.02 Tc [(fr)9.8(om the E)8.3(u)0(r)9.8(opean Data Pr)9.8(otection Board \(EDPB\), a)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 338.2764 549.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 537.391 Tm -.02 Tc [(data pr)9.8(otection law enfor)9.3(cement agency, and what)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 336.0613 537.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 525.391 Tm -.02 Tc [(measures data pr)9.8(otection teams can take now t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 330.2294 525.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 143 513.391 Tm -.02 Tc [(minimize the impact t)9.8(o)0( their organizations.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 305.9973 513.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 143 487.3909 Tm 0 .41 .96 0 k -.005 Tc (Endnotes)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 188.8053 487.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 160.3636 469.3909 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Cour)-24.4(t of Justice, )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 227.59 469.3909 Tm [(Data Pr)9.8(otection Commissioner)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 346.6967 469.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 148 469.3909 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (1)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 160 457.3909 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(v)52.2(.)0( F)16.6(acebook Ireland Ltd, Maximillian )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 299.9803 457.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 445.3909 Tm -.005 Tc (Schrems)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 194.2789 445.3909 Tm (, Case C-311/18, 16 July 2020,)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 313.5417 445.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 433.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(http:/)109.4(/curia.eur)9.8(opa.eu/juris/document/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 310.3546 433.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 421.3909 Tm -.005 Tc (document.jsf?text=&docid=228677&pageIndex=)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 346.2714 421.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 409.3909 Tm -.005 Tc (0&doclang=EN&mode=lst&dir=&occ=)Tj /TT16 1 Tf 15.971 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT4 1 Tf .537 0 TD -.005 Tc [(rst&par)-24.4(t=)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 397.3909 Tm (1&cid=3705396)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 221.0486 397.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 160.3636 385.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(Regulation \(EU\) 2016/679 of the E)8.3(u)0(r)9.8(opean)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 327.2615 385.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 148 385.3909 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (2)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 160 373.3909 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(P)5.4(arliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 341.921 373.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 361.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(on the Pr)9.8(otection of Natur)19.5(al Persons With)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 324.0537 361.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 349.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(Regard t)9.8(o)0( the Pr)9.8(ocessing of Personal Data and)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 344.4622 349.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 337.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(on the F)12.7(ree Mo)7.3(vement of Such Data, and)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 320.2687 337.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 325.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(Repealing Directive 95/46/EC \(Gener)19.5(al Data)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 332.1869 325.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 313.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(Pr)9.8(otection Regulation\), )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 252.3042 313.3909 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/op.eur)9.8(opa.eu/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 334.9612 313.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 301.3909 Tm -.005 Tc (en/publication-detail/-/publication/3e485e15-)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 289.3909 Tm (11bd-11e6-ba9a-01aa75ed71a1/language-en)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 334.6993 289.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 160.3636 277.3909 Tm -.005 Tc (Google, Google Cloud Platform: EU Model)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 327.6966 277.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 148 277.3909 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (3)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 160 265.3909 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Contr)19.5(act Clauses,)83( Google Cloud Platform)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 324.103 265.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 253.3909 Tm -.005 Tc (Terms, USA, 2018, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 234.1478 253.3909 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/cloud.google.com/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 335.6575 253.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 241.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(terms/eu-model-contr)19.5(act-clause)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 284.6418 241.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 160.3636 229.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(Salesfor)9.3(ce, )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 206.3443 229.3909 Tm [(Salesfor)9.3(ce)39.1()54.7(s)0( Pr)9.8(ocessor Binding)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 325.8884 229.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 148 229.3909 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (4)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 160 217.3909 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Corpor)19.5(ate Rules for the Pr)9.8(ocessing of Personal)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 341.7321 217.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 205.3909 Tm -.005 Tc (Data)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 178.0749 205.3909 Tm (, June 2021, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 227.5834 205.3909 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/www)60.5(.salesfor)9.3(ce.com/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 340.8948 205.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 193.3909 Tm -.005 Tc (content/dam/web/en_us/www/documents/)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 330.5715 193.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 181.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(legal/misc/Salesfor)9.3(ce-Pr)9.8(ocessor-BCR.pdf)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 321.6915 181.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 160.3636 169.3909 Tm -.005 Tc (2000/520/EC: Commission Decision of )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 316.8637 169.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 148 169.3909 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (5)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 160 157.3909 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(26 July 2000 Pursuant t)9.8(o)0( Directive 95/46/EC of)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 346.0167 157.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 145.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(the E)8.3(u)0(r)9.8(opean P)5.4(arliament and of the Council on)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 343.3591 145.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 133.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(the Adequacy of the Pr)9.8(otection Pr)9.8(o)7.3(vided by the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 345.318 133.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 121.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(Safe Harbour Priv)7.3(acy Principles and Related)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 333.4647 121.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 109.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(F)12.7(requently Asked Questions Issued by the )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 327.2353 109.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 97.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(US Depar)-24.4(tment of Commer)9.3(ce, 2000,)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 302.0112 97.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 85.3909 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 162.183 85.3909 Tm -.005 Tc [(https:/)109.4(/eur-lex.eur)9.8(opa.eu/legal-content/en/ALL/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 346.5552 85.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 160 73.3909 Tm -.005 Tc (?uri=CELEX%3A32000D0520)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 271.4038 73.3909 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.8636 669.391 Tm -.005 Tc (Gellman, B.; U.S., British Intelligence Mining)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 552.1044 669.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 366.5 669.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (6)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 657.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Data F)12.7(r)9.8(om Nine U.S. Internet Companies in)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 547.1153 657.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 645.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(Br)9.8(oad Secret Pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am,)83( )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 472.0886 645.391 Tm [(The W)16.1(ashingt)9.8(on P)6.3(ost)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 554.8618 645.391 Tm (, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 558.7665 645.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 633.391 Tm -.005 Tc (7 June 2013, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 431.2957 633.391 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/www)60.5(.washingt)9.8(onpost.com/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 566.2811 633.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 621.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(investigations/us-intelligence-mining-data-fr)9.8(om-)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 609.391 Tm [(nine-us-internet-companies-in-br)9.8(oad-secret-)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 547.0341 609.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 597.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am/2013/06/06/3a0c0da8-cebf-11e2-)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 585.391 Tm [(8845-d970ccb04497_st)9.8(ory.html)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 501.6848 585.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.8636 573.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(IC Off the Record, PRISM/US-984XN Over)-8.8(view)60.5(,)83()]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 566.2612 573.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 366.5 573.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (7)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 561.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (April 2013, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 422.7316 561.391 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/nsa.go)7.3(v1.info/dni/prism.html)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 564.3917 561.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.8636 549.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(Electr)9.8(onic Priv)7.3(acy Information Center \(EPIC)12.7(\),)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 554.5103 549.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 366.5 549.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (8)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 537.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(EPIC v)52.2(.)0( DOJ PRISM,)83( )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 471.2009 537.391 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/epic.org/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 534.3633 537.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 525.391 Tm -.005 Tc (foia/doj/olc/prism/)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 453.53 525.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.8636 513.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(Schrems, M.; Complaint Against F)16.6(acebook)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 549.1233 513.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 366.5 513.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (9)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 501.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Ireland Ltd23 PRISM,)83()52.2()0( 25 June 2013,)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 531.276 501.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 489.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(www)60.5(.eur)9.8(ope-v-facebook.org/prism/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 516.4595 489.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 477.391 Tm -.005 Tc (facebook.pdf)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 429.8992 477.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.0272 465.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(E)8.3(u)0(r)9.8(opean Cour)-24.4(t of Justice \(ECJ\), )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 509.95 465.391 Tm (Maximillian)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 554.4464 465.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 465.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (10)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 453.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Schrems vs. Data Pr)9.8(otection Commissioner)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 547.2305 453.391 Tm 0 Tc (,)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 548.9522 453.391 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 441.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(Case C-362/14, 6 Oct)9.8(ober 2015, )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 506.274 441.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 429.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(https:/)109.4(/eur-lex.eur)9.8(opa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 565.4122 429.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 417.391 Tm -.005 Tc (?uri=CELEX%3A62014CJ0362)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 494.6753 417.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.0272 405.391 Tm -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 395.6333 405.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 405.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (11)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.0272 393.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Feder)19.5(ation of American Scientists \(F)83(AS\),)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 538.0237 393.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 393.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (12)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 381.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(F)10.3(oreign Intelligence Sur)-8.8(veillance Act)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 518.7307 381.391 Tm (, USA, 1978,)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 565.208 381.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 369.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(https:/)109.4(/fas.org/irp/agency/doj/)]TJ /TT16 1 Tf 13.307 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT4 1 Tf .537 0 TD -.005 Tc (sa/)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 515.9423 369.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.0272 357.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(De La )19.5(T)48.3(orre, L. F)114.3(.; Schrems and the F)10.7(uture of)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 555.3101 357.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 357.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (13)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 345.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(EU-US Data )19.5(T)36.6(r)19.5(ansfers \(or Lack )19.5(Thereof\),)83()]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 543.4897 345.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 333.391 Tm -.005 Tc (Medium)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 410.2399 333.391 Tm (, 30 June 2019, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 474.1318 333.391 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/medium.com/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 557.226 333.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 321.391 Tm -.005 Tc (golden-data/schrems-and-the-future-of-eu-us-)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 309.391 Tm [(cr)9.8(oss-border-data-tr)19.5(ansfers-13970bf500b6)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 543.8862 309.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.0272 297.391 Tm -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 395.6333 297.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 297.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (14)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.0272 285.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 395.6333 285.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 285.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (15)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.0272 273.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Priv)7.3(acy Shield F)12.7(r)19.5(amework, Priv)7.3(acy Shield)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 542.9754 273.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 273.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (16)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 261.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Over)-8.8(view)60.5(,)83()0( )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 420.4344 261.391 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/www)60.5(.priv)7.3(acyshield.go)7.3(v/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 540.6905 261.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 249.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am-o)7.3(ver)-8.8(view)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 448.04 249.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.0272 237.391 Tm -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 395.6333 237.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 237.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (17)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.0272 225.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Gorski, A.; EU Cour)-24.4(t of Justice Gr)19.5(apples With)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 557.5293 225.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 225.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (18)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 213.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(U.S. Sur)-8.8(veillance in Schrems II,)83( 26 July 2019,)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 556.4254 213.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 201.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(https:/)109.4(/www)60.5(.justsecurity.org/65069/eu-cour)-24.4(t-)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 554.4246 201.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 189.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(of-justice-gr)19.5(apples-with-u-s-sur)-8.8(veillance-in-)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 177.391 Tm (schrems-ii)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 418.7391 177.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.0272 165.391 Tm -.005 Tc (Op cit)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 401.6264 165.391 Tm [( Cour)-24.4(t of Justice)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 467.1312 165.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 165.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (19)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.0272 153.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 395.6333 153.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 153.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (20)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.0272 141.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (The National Security Agency \(NSA\),)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 522.5031 141.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 141.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (21)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 378.5 129.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(PRISM/US-984XN Over)-8.8(view)60.5(,)83()0( IC Off the Record,)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 565.8977 129.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 378.5 117.391 Tm -.005 Tc (April 2013, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 422.7316 117.391 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/nsa.go)7.3(v1.info/dni/prism.html)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 564.3917 117.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 379.0272 105.391 Tm -.005 Tc (Op cit)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 401.6264 105.391 Tm [( Feder)19.5(ation of American Scientists)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 537.4832 105.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 105.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (22)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.0272 93.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (Op cit)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 401.6264 93.391 Tm [( Cour)-24.4(t of Justice)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 467.1312 93.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 93.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (23)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.0272 81.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 395.6333 81.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 81.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (24)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 379.0272 69.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 395.6333 69.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.5 69.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (25)Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 378 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 396 0 obj <> endobj 401 0 obj <> endobj 406 0 obj <> endobj 411 0 obj <> endobj 416 0 obj <> endobj 421 0 obj <> endobj 426 0 obj <> endobj 427 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 490.9954 20.9379 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 512.4738 20.9379 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 543.321 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 572.364 .014984 .51599 31.274 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 587.3827 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (7)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 36 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 143.6318 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 53.5271 669.391 Tm -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 70.1333 669.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 36 669.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (26)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 53.5271 657.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(As of this writing, the Irish Hight Cour)-24.4(t has)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 219.853 657.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 36 657.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (27)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 53 645.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(denied F)16.6(acebook)54.7(s challenge t)9.8(o)0( a September)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 229.0893 645.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 53 633.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(2020 order by the Irish Data Pr)9.8(otection)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 205.1862 633.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 53 621.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(Commissioner t)9.8(o)0( suspend data tr)19.5(ansfers fr)9.8(om)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 235.4208 621.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 53 609.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(the E)8.3(u)0(r)9.8(opean Union t)9.8(o)0( the United States.)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 212.4008 609.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 272.4765 669.391 Tm -.005 Tc [(Intersoft Consulting, Ar)-24.4(t. 46 GDPR, )19.5(T)36.6(r)19.5(ansfers)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 447.631 669.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 254.9494 669.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (28)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 271.9493 657.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Subject t)9.8(o)0( Appr)9.8(opriate Safeguards, Belgium,)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 445.7392 657.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 271.9493 645.391 Tm -.005 Tc (2018, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 295.8889 645.391 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/gdpr-info.eu/ar)-24.4(t-46-gdpr/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 421.1296 645.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 272.4765 633.391 Tm -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 289.0826 633.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 254.9494 633.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (29)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 272.4765 621.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (Op cit)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 295.0757 621.391 Tm [( Cour)-24.4(t of Justice)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 360.5805 621.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 254.9494 621.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (30)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 272.4765 609.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 289.0826 609.391 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 254.9494 609.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (31)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 272.4765 597.391 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 254.9494 597.391 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k 0 Tc (32)Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 428 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 6 0 obj <> endobj 5 0 obj <> endobj 50 0 obj <>stream Adobed         #"""#''''''''''     !! !!''''''''''i""  s!1AQa"q2B#R3b$r%C4Scs5D'6Tdt& EFVU(eufv7GWgw8HXhx)9IYiy*:JZjzm!1AQa"q2#BRbr3$4CS%cs5DT &6E'dtU7()󄔤euFVfvGWgw8HXhx9IYiy*:JZjz?H*xZ]$ТuU0[Z QT]g\ClŔQZpѣ2=A/gC4|ۘ20Fy $az҉Rx#FDT0;FUu|0X."#}ʴW@i`pʁ/J b[%n&ߐC*4oHJ +;` (i#KM_T@2|aGS:| |z]ԗRX-xԍRv[N)՞C*PDdh11W pƱFUE@)@/oqe"^[s[= `U%; ƣi}} bI9sƼ=~"%O\\#=1O֐6jw!W]ytDŽ%fPHR='u݋O ~)aY/usGEëQʌzNqN'XW^JnLnV vPV4}PQPV? 7SIܻ$ö.wTksG{JTgw?05yt[Ѭ[S#Kr}V xw)˾y#ͦ#~}e9og& df|;GmNIGaQ&%VvPFiKKiLI6,e Qkl3;#>&gŞDW1AlM,C.()&T+w$.iͨͩYQY^FCLomG+)Iԕ)׷ȌyG_]r#m~/- u?̌7#y,oZE W"Q{o8g@8L@d#סF># c *@ݔFd޹YFq8{9e' (XyF獵X*>!=d=oL}Eo܆Z!" \W}8d%56?gug фGe%??p lX/%n˵0K"fV4fE5dˡ66Ʒ߾ a0U~mV)nv;G8Sn2Q<0u{{FW / \xf.f,@>rOSmWOOYzuNhwk_P),u?@)8<Ӭl~v<$l<]!sZ;3 Jη,rj(*KTՖר#GB2_ h,pD=]6lc`Z:H?54%as ˵xuΊC/f؟`]?R4s2L9',y ED^L'c{SD 9ד?8 [eRFڿߗ}֯ͪ9/#`¯+}Fu5?%OP)+)]b w⵩l=,) //fi e"e+G6ͽ?L?㢳7COM/%yL~3צYجG12 O/+5-nKGБavv,@(` /uJBF1{@->8y[:N&} 8-cTxnN])}dyQ1CS9.SwGڠeؕc3*tV`!:g+Jm׮vnmkQ% ԓtKKtbP;Q@?]a{o<<7t.^J^ ^ߘ(Wax7qg\xCw' ,y7Q[. 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