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Respondents were)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 231.4757 256.0349 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 244.0349 Tm -.005 Tc (classi)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 2.554 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(ed based on industry, annual re)6.3(venues and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 230.6826 244.0349 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 35 232.0349 Tm -.005 Tc (number of paid employees.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 142.5259 232.0349 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 568.0354 Tm -.005 Tc (It is bene)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 3.9744 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(cial for organizations t)9.8(o)0( analyze the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 434.5312 568.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 556.0354 Tm -.005 Tc [(char)19.5(acteristics of a well-de)6.3(veloped BC/DR plan,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 439.753 556.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 544.0354 Tm -.005 Tc [(including the methods of testing, re)6.3(viewing and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 439.5817 544.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 532.0354 Tm -.005 Tc [(updating the plan. )19.5(The effectiveness of well-)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 520.0354 Tm [(de)6.3(veloped plans can be obser)-8.8(ved in the case of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 440.5099 520.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 508.0354 Tm -.005 Tc [(CO)10.7(VID-19 and applied t)9.8(o)0( future crises. Using the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 443.1797 508.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 496.0354 Tm -.005 Tc [(CO)10.7(VID-19 pandemic as precedent, organizations)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 444.4265 496.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 484.0354 Tm -.005 Tc [(can communicate t)9.8(o)0( management the v)7.3(alue of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 437.6312 484.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 472.0354 Tm -.005 Tc [(allocating resour)9.3(ces t)9.8(o)0( BC/DR de)6.3(velopment.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 428.1039 472.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 253.5 446.0354 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc (Explaining BC and DR)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 358.4849 446.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 253.5 428.0354 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(US F)10.2(ounding F)16.6(ather)60.1(, invent)9.8(or and statesman)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 427.5854 428.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 416.0354 Tm -.005 Tc [(Benjamin F)12.7(r)19.5(anklin is credited with saying, By failing)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 457.2008 416.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 404.0354 Tm -.005 Tc [(t)9.8(o)0( prepare you are preparing t)9.8(o)0( fail.)83()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 394.0855 407.8103 Tm 0 Tc (2)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 397.0728 404.0354 Tm -.005 Tc ( Although)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 434.9488 404.0354 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT8 1 Tf 30 0 0 30 35 646.8832 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k -.02 Tc (Reduced Appetite)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 30 0 0 30 256.9933 646.8832 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 18 0 0 18 35 624.8833 Tm -.02 Tc [(How CO)10.7(VID-19 Will Impact F)10.7(uture Business )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 18 0 0 18 365.3275 624.8833 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 18 0 0 18 35 602.8832 Tm -.02 Tc (Continuity Planning)Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 .41 .69 0 k 35 68.425 558.807 124.671 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 44.0791 170.6171 Tm 0 0 0 0 k [(P)5.4(ascal A. Bizarr)17.6(o,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 127.502 170.6171 Tm ( Ph.D., CISA)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 182.3223 170.6171 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 44.0791 159.8172 Tm [(Is an associate pr)9.8(ofessor of accounting in the depar)-24.4(tment of accounting and management information systems at Bowling Green)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 559.7158 159.8172 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 44.0791 149.0172 Tm [(State University \(Ohio, USA\). He has published se)6.3(ver)19.5(al papers in leading pr)19.5(actitioner journals, such as )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 448.3408 149.0172 Tm [(The CP)67.4(A)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 481.7262 149.0172 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 483.9542 149.0172 Tm (Journal, ISACA)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 542.318 151.9871 Tm ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 546.4629 149.0172 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 44.0791 138.2172 Tm (Journal )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 75.8383 138.2172 Tm (and )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 93.0034 138.2172 Tm [(Internal A)5.4(udit)9.8(or)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 153.3667 138.2172 Tm (.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 155.7354 138.2172 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 44.0791 114.2172 Tm -.02 Tc [(Aar)17.6(on Wheeler)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 113.9978 114.2172 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 44.0791 103.4171 Tm [(Is a master of accountancy student at Bowling Green State University. 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All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 522.0229 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 130.5 551.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(F)12.7(r)19.5(anklin)39.1()54.7(s)0( declar)19.5(ation is o)7.3(verdr)19.5(amatic in most)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 308.5497 551.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 539.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(business cases, the statement reinfor)9.3(ces the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 307.3123 539.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 527.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(ideology of BC/DR. Business continuity is the br)9.8(oad)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 333.0745 527.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 515.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(idea of preparing t)9.8(o)0( continue business oper)19.5(ations)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 325.9399 515.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 503.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(thr)9.8(ough major or trivial disruptions, while disaster)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 325.1985 503.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 491.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(reco)7.3(very is a continuity pr)9.8(ocess focused on)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 301.3324 491.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 479.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(reestablishing critical oper)19.5(ations and resour)9.3(ces)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 317.5254 479.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 467.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(after a disruption e)6.3(vent.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 224.0204 470.9224 Tm 0 Tc (3)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 227.0077 467.1476 Tm -.005 Tc ( In the context of a)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 300.3976 467.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 455.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(disruption, prepar)19.5(ation in BC/DR is its own reward.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 328.7195 455.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 431.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(Thr)9.8(ough investments in BC/DR planning,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 289.9381 431.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 419.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [()29.8(organizations ha)7.3(ve the oppor)-24.4(tunity t)9.8(o)0( in)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 18.3632 0 TD 0 Tc <000b>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5629 0 TD -.005 Tc (uence)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 324.7852 419.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 407.1476 Tm -.005 Tc (whether they are among the winners or losers after)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 331.1991 407.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 395.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(a disaster e)6.3(vent.)83()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 197.8099 398.9224 Tm 0 Tc (4)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 200.7972 395.1476 Tm -.005 Tc -.0195 Tw [( The )-19.5(in)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 2.9123 0 TD 0 Tc 0 Tw <000b>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5629 0 TD -.005 Tc (uence depends on the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 319.1393 395.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 383.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(organization)39.1()54.7(s)0( analysis of alternative corrective)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 315.1865 383.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 371.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(measures, reco)7.3(very time objectives \(R)39.1(T)13.7(Os\) and the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 330.6157 371.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 359.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(often-o)7.3(verlooked downtime costs. )19.5(These measures)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 332.8942 359.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT1 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 130.5 347.1476 Tm <000b>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5629 0 TD -.005 Tc [(uctuate depending on se)6.3(ver)19.5(al fact)9.8(ors including)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 319.9259 347.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 335.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(industry and size. )19.5(The cost of alternative corrective)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 331.3542 335.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 323.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(measures includes the de)6.3(velopment and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 290.2907 323.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 311.1476 Tm -.005 Tc (maintenance of BC/DR plans that decrease with)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 319.6467 311.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 299.1476 Tm -.0441 Tc [(RT)-25.4(O)10.7(.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 148.865 302.9225 Tm 0 Tc (5)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 151.8523 299.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [( Downtime costs encompass se)6.3(ver)19.5(al)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 297.009 299.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 287.1476 Tm -.005 Tc (components, making the measure dif)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 16.3227 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(cult t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 307.0375 287.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 275.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(analyze. On a)7.3(ver)19.5(age, downtime costs increase)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 312.678 275.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 263.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(quickly in the shor)-24.4(t run and the detriment gr)9.8(ows)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 318.5845 263.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 251.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(with the length of the disruption t)9.8(o)0( oper)19.5(ations.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 312.3442 254.9225 Tm 0 Tc (6)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 315.3315 251.1476 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 239.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(Thr)9.8(ough BC/DR planning, organizations seek t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 316.8562 239.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 227.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(limit the downtime of oper)19.5(ations, pre)6.3(venting a)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 311.0984 227.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 215.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(disruption fr)9.8(om lea)7.3(ving the organization in )]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 18.7419 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (nancial)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 332.6033 215.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 203.1476 Tm -.005 Tc (ruin. Identifying a speci)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 10.1441 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(c R)39.1(T)13.7(O for a disruption aids)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 331.1697 203.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 191.1476 Tm -.005 Tc (the organization in determining estimates of the)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 319.7974 191.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 179.1476 Tm -.005 Tc (minimum downtime costs and alternate corrective)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 329.273 179.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 167.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(measures costs required t)9.8(o)0( achie)6.3(ve the speci)]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 19.8459 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (ed)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 323.8063 167.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 155.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(R)39.1(T)13.7(O)49.8(.)0( E)8.8(ffectively minimizing the cost of downtime)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 323.7305 155.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 143.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(and reco)7.3(very can only be achie)6.3(ved thr)9.8(ough a well-)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 131.1476 Tm [(de)6.3(veloped risk assessment and BC/DR plan.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 305.1533 131.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 107.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(Creating a thor)9.8(ough BC/DR plan can be a daunting)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 328.8852 107.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 95.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(task, e)6.3(ven for organizations with a response already)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 335.0334 95.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 83.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(in place. )19.5(There are a number of BC/DR guidelines,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 325.6806 83.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 130.5 71.1476 Tm -.005 Tc [(written by pr)9.8(ofessional organizations such as the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 324.2172 71.1476 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 652.0112 Tm -.005 Tc [(Disaster Reco)7.3(very Institute International \(DRII\) and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 560.4348 652.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 640.0112 Tm -.005 Tc (Business Continuity Institute \(BCI\), with the purpose)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 566.1028 640.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 628.0112 Tm -.005 Tc [(of assisting in plan de)6.3(velopment. Planning should)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 557.3575 628.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 616.0112 Tm -.005 Tc [(star)-24.4(t with a risk assessment t)9.8(o)0( identify critical)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 542.8731 616.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 604.0112 Tm -.005 Tc [(resour)9.3(ces \(e.g., capital, human, IT\), pr)9.8(ocesses)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 541.6359 604.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 592.0112 Tm -.005 Tc [(critical t)9.8(o)0( oper)19.5(ations, and potential threats and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 544.9692 592.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 580.0112 Tm -.005 Tc [(vulner)19.5(abilities. Identifying the criticality of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 524.9279 580.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 568.0112 Tm -.005 Tc [(oper)19.5(ations can also be in)]TJ /TT1 1 Tf 10.9731 0 TD 0 Tc <000b>Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5629 0 TD -.005 Tc [(uenced by the regulat)9.8(ory)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 562.3441 568.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 556.0112 Tm -.005 Tc [(or contr)19.5(actual requirements driving the need for a)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 556.6268 556.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 544.0112 Tm -.005 Tc [(BC/DR pr)9.8(ogr)19.5(am. )19.5(Then, it is helpful t)9.8(o)0( conduct a)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 546.2413 544.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 532.0112 Tm -.005 Tc [(business impact analysis \(BIA\) t)9.8(o)0( e)6.3(v)7.3(aluate the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 543.4078 532.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 520.0112 Tm -.005 Tc [(impact of disruption t)9.8(o)0( a critical pr)9.8(ocess or)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 530.9901 520.0112 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 508.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(resour)9.3(ce, which can determine the R)39.1(T)13.7(O for key)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 544.5559 508.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 496.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(oper)19.5(ations.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 405.9524 499.7863 Tm 0 Tc (7)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 408.9398 496.0113 Tm -.005 Tc ( In this phase, organizations should)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 548.1166 496.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 484.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(prioritize the critical resour)9.3(ces and pr)9.8(ocesses)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 540.9152 484.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 472.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(needed t)9.8(o)0( suppor)-24.4(t oper)19.5(ations on criteria that is)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 546.3896 472.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 460.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(rele)6.3(v)7.3(ant t)9.8(o)0( the organization. After prioritizing critical)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 566.0063 460.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 448.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(resour)9.3(ces and pr)9.8(ocesses, the BC/DR policy and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 548.2209 448.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 436.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ocedures can be created t)9.8(o)0( resume critical)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 537.5037 436.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 424.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(oper)19.5(ations. F)10.2(or example, after the attacks on the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 552.4663 424.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 412.0113 Tm -.005 Tc (United States on 11 September 2001, a crucial)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 543.7561 412.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 400.0113 Tm -.005 Tc (aspect of restructuring the BC/DR plan was)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 532.1708 400.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 388.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(inv)7.3(olving employees thr)9.8(oughout the organization in)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 562.8231 388.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 376.0113 Tm -.005 Tc (the plan.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 395.4516 379.7863 Tm 0 Tc (8)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 398.4388 376.0113 Tm -.005 Tc ( Giving all employees a stake in the plan)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 555.6239 376.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 364.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(leads t)9.8(o)0( better awareness and ownership of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 534.122 364.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 352.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ocedures. )19.5(This leads t)9.8(o)0( more effective and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 537.4113 352.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 340.0113 Tm -.005 Tc (ef)Tj /TT9 1 Tf .867 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(cient execution of the plan. Howe)6.3(ver)60.1(, writing the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 562.6981 340.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 328.0113 Tm -.005 Tc [(BC/DR plan does not mean the pr)9.8(ocess is )]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 18.4772 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (nished.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 561.3793 328.0113 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 304.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(BC/DR plan de)6.3(velopment is a continuous pr)9.8(ocess,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 558.2867 304.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 292.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(requiring r)9.8(outine testing and maintenance t)9.8(o)0( build)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 557.6595 292.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 280.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(an effective response. )19.5(The exact pr)9.8(ocedures and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 553.4835 280.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 268.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(frequency of testing depend on se)6.3(ver)19.5(al fact)9.8(ors,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 546.6149 268.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 256.0114 Tm -.005 Tc (including organization size, nature of the business,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 560.5975 256.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 244.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(plan complexity and resour)9.3(ce a)7.3(v)7.3(ailability. F)10.2(o)0(r)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 538.6794 244.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 232.0114 Tm -.005 Tc (example, after 11 September 2001, Lehman)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 533.4165 232.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 220.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(Br)9.8(others instituted vir)-24.4(tual workplace arr)19.5(angements)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 561.3993 220.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 208.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(and held biannual tests of each employee)39.1()54.7(s)0( remote)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 561.3872 208.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 196.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(access t)9.8(o)0( build dependability and member)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 528.3892 196.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 184.0114 Tm -.005 Tc (awareness of the plan.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 450.9631 187.7863 Tm 0 Tc (9)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 453.9503 184.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [( )19.5(Testing the plan either)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 543.9474 184.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 172.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(thr)9.8(ough walk-thr)9.8(oughs or a simulated disruption)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 550.7545 172.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 160.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(allows staff members t)9.8(o)0( see their stake in the plan)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 560.6029 160.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 148.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(and pr)19.5(actice their response in a disruption.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 529.4529 148.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 136.0114 Tm -.005 Tc (Executing the plan, either in testing or an actual)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 547.684 136.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 124.0114 Tm -.005 Tc (disruption, identi)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 7.2757 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (es weaknesses, gaps and areas)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 556.9321 124.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 112.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(for impr)9.8(o)7.3(vement t)9.8(o)0( be e)6.3(v)7.3(aluated.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 492.0065 115.7863 Tm -.0083 Tc (10)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 497.9809 112.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [( E)12.7(v)7.3(aluating)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 541.0844 112.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 100.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(results helps the organization restar)-24.4(t the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 521.2064 100.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 88.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(de)6.3(velopment cycle by con)]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 11.3551 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (rming the effective plan)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 561.8794 88.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 76.0114 Tm -.005 Tc (areas and updating the ineffective areas. A)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 530.2845 76.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 64.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(continuous BC/DR de)6.3(velopment pr)9.8(ocess prepares)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 558.6008 64.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 361.5 52.0114 Tm -.005 Tc [(an organization for a disruption t)9.8(o)0( key oper)19.5(ations.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 557.4124 52.0114 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .02 .8 .86 0 k /GS1 gs 0 576.361 348.73 86.299 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 33.5843 621.4745 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 47.4916 641.4747 Tm 0 0 0 0 k [( EFFEC)14.2(TIVEL)116.7(Y MINIMIZING )19.5(THE COST)19.5( OF)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 304.516 641.4747 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 33.5843 623.4747 Tm [(DOWNTIME AND RECO)10.7(VER)23.4(Y CAN ONL)116.7(Y BE)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 300.2953 623.4747 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 33.5843 605.4747 Tm [(ACHIEVED )19.5(THROUGH A WELL-DEVEL)31.7(OPED RISK)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 333.0189 605.4747 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 33.5843 587.4747 Tm [(ASSESSMENT)19.5( AND BC/DR PL)-9.3(AN. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 244.9857 567.4745 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k ()Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 88 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 122 0 obj <> endobj 128 0 obj <> endobj 142 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 490.9954 20.9379 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 512.4738 20.9379 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 543.321 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 572.364 .014984 .51599 31.274 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 587.3827 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (3)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 36 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 143.6318 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 36 651.1334 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc [(Understanding the E)8.8(ffect of CO)10.7(VID-19)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 221.9823 651.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 36 633.1334 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(CO)10.7(VID-19 has been disrupting lives for more than a)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 237.2572 633.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 621.1334 Tm -.005 Tc [(year)60.1(, and there are still many uncer)-24.4(tainties)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 202.0369 621.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 609.1334 Tm -.005 Tc [(regarding the virus. As seen with CO)10.7(VID-19,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 206.617 609.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 597.1334 Tm -.005 Tc (unknowns in the early stages of a disruption can)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 226.4268 597.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 585.1334 Tm -.005 Tc (create a snowball effect of unforeseen and indirect)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 236.7859 585.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 573.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(vulner)19.5(abilities. CO)10.7(VID-19 reduced the ability of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 218.1254 573.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 561.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(oper)19.5(ations t)9.8(o)0( be conducted in person, which)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 210.2469 561.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 549.1335 Tm -.005 Tc (increased the number of remote access)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 193.0398 549.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 537.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(workspaces. )19.5(Thus, CO)10.7(VID-19 had an indirect effect)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 235.9751 537.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 525.1335 Tm -.005 Tc (of increased cyberrisk.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 125.3652 528.9083 Tm -.0083 Tc (11)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 131.3399 525.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [( )19.5(This ser)-8.8(ved as a lesson for)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 239.2273 525.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 513.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(BC/DR de)6.3(velopment, showing that a disruption can)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 236.5034 513.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 501.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(present threats and vulner)19.5(abilities t)9.8(o)0( critical)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 208.3048 501.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 489.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(oper)19.5(ations that were not pre)6.3(viously anticipated in)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 230.0985 489.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 477.1335 Tm -.005 Tc (risk assessments.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 107.6924 477.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 453.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(Another lesson learned fr)9.8(om CO)10.7(VID-19 is t)9.8(o)0( include)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.4393 453.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 441.1335 Tm -.005 Tc (analysis of the supply chain impact in BC/DR)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 212.4914 441.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 429.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(de)6.3(velopment. F)10.2(or example, the aut)9.8(omotive)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 203.9439 429.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 417.1335 Tm -.005 Tc (manufacturing industry was seriously impacted by)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.5742 417.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 405.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(CO)10.7(VID-19-related go)7.3(vernment shutdowns affecting)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 237.0011 405.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 393.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(o)7.3(verseas suppliers. Similarly, downstream supply)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 230.017 393.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 381.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(chains were impacted. )19.5(The oil and gas industries)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 228.3647 381.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 369.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(were affected by tr)19.5(a)7.3(vel restrictions impeding large)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 233.389 369.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 357.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(cust)9.8(omers in the airline industry.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 164.5048 360.9084 Tm -.0083 Tc (12)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 170.4793 357.1335 Tm -.005 Tc -.0195 Tw [( These )-19.5(lessons)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 229.6064 357.1335 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 345.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(and examples of CO)10.7(VID-19 impacts fr)9.8(om other)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 220.1522 345.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 333.1335 Tm -.005 Tc [(industries can be useful for any organization t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 221.1313 333.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 321.1335 Tm -.005 Tc (consider as it modi)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 8.3659 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (es its BC/DR plans.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 191.9522 321.1335 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 36 197.1334 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc [(Sur)-8.8(vey Instrument)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 126.1109 197.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 36 179.1334 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(T)48.3(o)0( facilitate this resear)9.3(ch, a 16-question sur)-8.8(vey was)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 239.948 179.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 167.1334 Tm -.005 Tc [(distributed t)9.8(o)0( obtain data t)9.8(o)0( e)6.3(v)7.3(aluate organizations)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.7307 167.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 155.1334 Tm -.005 Tc [(preparedness for CO)10.7(VID-19 and their response)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 219.6326 155.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 143.1334 Tm -.005 Tc (effectiveness and BC/DR plan modi)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 15.5684 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(cations fr)9.8(om)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 231.3156 143.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 131.1334 Tm -.005 Tc [(before Mar)9.3(ch 2020 t)9.8(o)0( the period of Mar)9.3(ch 2020)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 223.0461 131.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 119.1334 Tm -.005 Tc [(thr)9.8(ough December 2020. )19.5(The e)6.3(v)7.3(aluated)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 191.3753 119.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 107.1334 Tm -.005 Tc (modi)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 2.2334 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(cations t)9.8(o)0( BC/DR include scope of risk)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 212.6068 107.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 95.1334 Tm -.005 Tc [(assessment and frequency of tablet)9.8(op,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 189.5857 95.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 83.1334 Tm -.005 Tc [(preparedness, full-oper)19.5(ational, and audit or re)6.3(view)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 232.0487 83.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 71.1334 Tm -.005 Tc [(tests for the respective periods. )19.5(The sur)-8.8(vey was)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 224.1635 71.1334 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 653.2291 Tm -.005 Tc [(distributed via email t)9.8(o)0( more than 300)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 403.1207 653.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 641.2292 Tm -.005 Tc [(organizations thr)9.8(oughout the Midwest United)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 431.6229 641.2292 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 629.2292 Tm -.005 Tc (States.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 281.0771 629.2292 Tm -.02 Tc [( )19.5(The Midwest was chosen for the br)9.8(oad mix of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 457.7021 629.2292 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 617.2292 Tm -.02 Tc [(industries that ser)-8.8(ve as a representation for most)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 441.3409 617.2292 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 605.2291 Tm -.02 Tc [(regions of the world. Appr)9.8(o)10.2(ximately 9 per)9.3(cent of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 436.7571 605.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 593.2291 Tm -.02 Tc [(organizations responded, pr)9.8(o)7.3(viding for 28 records of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 453.2681 593.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 581.2291 Tm -.02 Tc (results. Of the 28 respondents, 27)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 382.0204 581.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 384.0817 581.2291 Tm -.02 Tc (were deemed)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 436.0184 581.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 569.2291 Tm -.02 Tc (reliable, complete responses. Respondents were)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 438.2728 569.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 557.2291 Tm -.02 Tc [(gr)9.8(ouped by industry classi)]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 11.0703 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5337 0 TD -.02 Tc [(cations, r)19.5(anges of re)6.3(venue)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 458.2034 557.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 545.2291 Tm -.02 Tc (and paid employees for the )Tj /TT9 1 Tf 11.7608 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5337 0 TD -.02 Tc (scal year ending in 2019.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 458.7043 545.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 253.5 533.2291 Tm -.02 Tc (Figure 1)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 285.1027 533.2291 Tm ( shows how the organizations were)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 419.7928 533.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 521.2291 Tm -.02 Tc (classi)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 2.464 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5337 0 TD -.02 Tc [(ed. Re)6.3(venue and paid employees were used t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 456.9988 521.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 509.2292 Tm -.02 Tc (classify respondents as small and medium-sized)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 439.6351 509.2292 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 497.2292 Tm -.02 Tc (businesses \(SMB\), small and medium-sized)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 420.3507 497.2292 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 485.2292 Tm -.02 Tc [(enterprises \(SME\), and large enterprises. Pr)9.8(ofessional)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 458.3882 485.2292 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 473.2292 Tm -.02 Tc (judgement was used when an entity did not)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 418.7733 473.2292 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 461.2292 Tm -.02 Tc (speci)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 2.2726 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5337 0 TD -.02 Tc (cally meet class criteria.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 370.5722 465.0041 Tm -.0333 Tc (13)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 376.2769 465.0041 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 253.5 329.2292 Tm -.005 Tc (Figure 2)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 286.1826 329.2292 Tm [( shows respondent demogr)19.5(aphics by)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 431.625 329.2292 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 317.2291 Tm -.005 Tc (industry and size classi)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 10.2135 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc (cation.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 377.2431 317.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 253.5 291.2291 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc [(A)23.4(nalyzing CO)10.7(VID-19 Response)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 403.9907 291.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 253.5 273.2291 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Based on the sur)-8.8(vey, 63 per)9.3(cent of respondents)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 441.1735 273.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 261.2291 Tm -.005 Tc [(considered their CO)10.7(VID-19 response t)9.8(o)0( be Very)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 441.468 261.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 249.2291 Tm -.005 Tc [(effective)6.8( or Extremely effective)6.8( \()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT12 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 390.4084 249.2291 Tm 0 Tc ()Tj /TT6 1 Tf .6034 0 TD -.005 Tc (gure 3)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 421.2947 249.2291 Tm -.0195 Tw (\). This)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 445.6815 249.2291 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 237.2291 Tm -.005 Tc (includes more than half of the large enterprises,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 441.5835 237.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 225.2291 Tm -.005 Tc (which could mean that organizations with more)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 440.902 225.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 213.2291 Tm -.005 Tc [(resour)9.3(ces are able t)9.8(o)0( le)6.3(ver)19.5(age more effective)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 431.2516 213.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 201.2291 Tm -.005 Tc (BC/DR planning. All SMB respondents noted that)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 445.6867 201.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 189.2291 Tm -.005 Tc [(they were at least in the Very effective)6.8( category,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 447.7766 189.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 177.2291 Tm -.005 Tc [(which may indicate that smaller organizations ha)7.3(ve)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 455.702 177.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 165.2291 Tm -.005 Tc [(greater adaptability in response plans due t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 428.593 165.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 153.2291 Tm -.005 Tc (simplicity of scale.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 327.1052 153.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 129.2291 Tm -.005 Tc (The results shown in )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT12 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 337.3522 129.2291 Tm 0 Tc ()Tj /TT6 1 Tf .6034 0 TD -.005 Tc (gure 4)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 368.2385 129.2291 Tm [( suppor)-24.4(t investing in)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 448.2236 129.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 117.2291 Tm -.005 Tc [(BC/DR; 70 per)9.3(cent of respondents increased the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 443.5553 117.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 105.2291 Tm -.005 Tc [(scope of risk assessments for the period of Mar)9.3(ch)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 452.4028 105.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 93.2291 Tm -.005 Tc [(thr)9.8(ough December 2020 in response t)9.8(o)0( CO)10.7(VID-19. If)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 457.663 93.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 253.5 81.2291 Tm -.005 Tc (the trend continues, it appears as though more)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 437.359 81.2291 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 254.179 452.773 210 -105.39 re W n 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k /GS1 gs 254.179 437.281 204.821 15.492 re f Q q 1 i 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n .015686 .41176 .67843 0 k /GS1 gs 254.179 437.281 40.2 -24.75 re 294.379 437.281 99 -24.75 re 393.379 437.281 70.8 -24.75 re f .015686 .47451 .090196 0 k 254.179 412.531 40.2 -14.75 re 294.379 412.531 99 -14.75 re 393.379 412.531 70.8 -14.75 re 254.179 383.383 40.2 -14.75 re 294.379 383.383 99 -14.75 re 393.379 383.383 70.8 -14.75 re f .015686 .16471 .27451 0 k 254.179 397.781 40.2 -14.398 re 294.379 397.781 99 -14.398 re 393.379 397.781 70.8 -14.398 re 254.179 368.633 210 -21.25 re f Q q 1 i 254.179 452.773 210 -105.39 re W n 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 2 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 254.179 437.281 cm 0 0 m 40.2 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 2 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 294.379 437.281 cm 0 0 m 99 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 254.179 452.773 210 -105.39 re W n 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 2 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 393.379 437.281 cm 0 0 m 70.8 0 l S Q 1 w q 1 0 0 1 254.179 412.531 cm 0 0 m 40.2 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 294.379 412.531 cm 0 0 m 99 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 254.179 452.773 210 -105.39 re W n 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 393.379 412.531 cm 0 0 m 70.8 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -139.2 -43.898 cm 0 0 m 40.2 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 294.379 368.632 cm 0 0 m 99 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 254.179 452.773 210 -105.39 re W n 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 393.379 368.632 cm 0 0 m 70.8 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -139.2 29.148 cm 0 0 m 40.2 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 294.379 397.781 cm 0 0 m 99 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 254.179 452.773 210 -105.39 re W n 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 393.379 397.781 cm 0 0 m 70.8 0 l S 1 0 0 1 -139.2 -14.398 cm 0 0 m 40.2 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 294.379 383.382 cm 0 0 m 99 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 254.179 452.773 210 -105.39 re W n 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 393.379 383.382 cm 0 0 m 70.8 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 254.179 452.781 210 -105.398 re W n 254.179 452.781 204.821 -110.562 re 439.587 81.229 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d /GS1 gs q 1 0 0 1 294.379 413.031 cm 0 0 m 0 23.25 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -14.75 cm 0 0 m 0 13.75 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -14.398 cm 0 0 m 0 13.398 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -14.75 cm 0 0 m 0 13.75 l S 1 0 0 1 99 43.898 cm 0 0 m 0 23.25 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -14.75 cm 0 0 m 0 13.75 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -14.398 cm 0 0 m 0 13.398 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -14.75 cm 0 0 m 0 13.75 l S Q BT /F2 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 278.0812 441.2814 Tm 0 0 0 0 k -.015 Tc .023 Tw (Figure 1Organization Size Classification)Tj ET /GS2 gs BT 9 0 0 9 264.1749 426.5314 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0095 Tc 0 Tw [(Entity)-10.1( )]TJ .276 -1.111 TD -.0098 Tc -.0002 Tw [(Size)-3701.7(T)101.3(o)-.8(tal Re)7.2(venues*)]TJ 17.1369 1.111 TD -.0121 Tc 0 Tw [(Pai)-2.9(d)-11.9( )]TJ -1.6949 -1.111 TD -.0098 Tc (Employees**)Tj /F3 1 Tf -16.3841 -1.639 TD -.0094 Tc .0004 Tw [(Large)-2296.7(M).2(ore than US$11 million)-1542.3(M)0(ore than 1000)]TJ 0 -1.6 TD -.0006 Tw [(SME)-2726.4(U)1.3(S$510 million)-4632.5(501999)]TJ 0 -1.639 TD .0004 Tw [(SMB)-2678(L).5(ess than US$5 million)-2203.2(L).5(ess than 500)]TJ 7 0 0 7 258.1793 359.383 Tm [(* )19.7(T)49.3(o)-.6(tal re)6.3(venues for the fiscal year ending in 2019)]TJ 0 -1.1429 TD [(** )19.4(T)49.4(o)-.6(tal employees on payr)9.8(oll as of 2019 year end)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n .02 .8 .86 0 k /GS1 gs 36 213.209 205.501 100.035 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 42.5309 272.059 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k 0 Tc 0 Tw ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 56.4381 292.0594 Tm 0 0 0 0 k [( ANO)13.2(THER LESSON)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 178.5416 292.0594 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 42.5309 274.0594 Tm [(LEARNED FROM CO)10.7(VID-19 IS)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 223.6764 274.0594 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 42.5309 256.0594 Tm [(T)13.7(O)0( INCL)26.4(UDE ANAL)116.7(Y)7.8(SIS OF)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 207.2223 256.0594 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 42.5309 238.0594 Tm [(THE SUPPL)116.7(Y CH)-8.8(AIN IMP)67.4(AC)14.2(T)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 220.7574 238.0594 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 42.5309 220.0594 Tm [(IN BC/DR DEVEL)31.7(OPMENT)106.4(. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 208.3707 200.059 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k ()Tj ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC .02 .8 .86 0 k 471.679 475.973 131.321 186.687 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 412.525 477.833 271.92 -172.56 re W n 471.679 476.639 138.598 -124.984 re W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS1 gs q 132 0 0 125.76 471.325 351.353 cm /Im2 Do Q EMC /P <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 13 0 0 13 479.9501 648.8702 Tm 0 0 0 0 k 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 13 0 0 13 479.9501 635.8702 Tm -.025 Tc (Enjoying)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 13 0 0 13 527.3448 635.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 13 0 0 13 479.9501 622.8702 Tm -.025 Tc [(this ar)-24.4(ticle?)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 13 0 0 13 544.3506 622.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT14 1 Tf 13 0 0 13 479.9501 609.8702 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT16 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 479.9501 597.8702 Tm ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT18 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 486.4404 597.8702 Tm -.025 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 490.921 597.8702 Tm 0 Tc (Learn more)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 541.9513 597.8702 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 490.8251 585.8702 Tm (about, discuss)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 555.6005 585.8702 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 490.8251 573.8702 Tm [(and collabor)14.6(ate)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 560.1708 573.8702 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 490.8251 561.8702 Tm (on risk)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 521.0203 561.8702 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 490.8251 549.8702 Tm (management in)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 560.5028 549.8702 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 490.8251 537.8702 Tm [(ISACA)58.6()113.3(s)0( Online)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 556.1229 537.8702 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 490.8251 525.8702 Tm [(F)10.3(orums. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 530.1268 525.8702 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT20 1 Tf 10 0 0 10 490.8251 513.8702 Tm [(https:/)121.1(/engage.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 557.661 513.8702 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 490.8251 501.8702 Tm (isaca.org/)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 535.3465 501.8702 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 10 0 0 10 490.8251 489.8702 Tm (onlineforums)Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 143 0 obj <>/XObject<>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 165 0 obj <> endobj 167 0 obj <> endobj 169 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 39.4019 20.9698 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 60.8804 20.9698 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 91.7275 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 30.069 .014984 .51505 31.516 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 12.8637 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (4)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 414.3912 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 522.0229 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /Figure <>BDC Q .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k /GS1 gs 140.689 678.828 426.3 16.664 re f q 1 i 140.689 695.491 426.3 -290.25 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 2.845 w 10 M [] 0 d q 1 0 0 1 140.689 678.828 cm 0 0 m 426.311 0 l S Q Q BT /F2 1 Tf 9.8 0 0 10 269.5615 684.827 Tm 0 0 0 0 k -.0142 Tc .0005 Tw (Figure 2Respondents by Industry and Size)Tj ET 0 .123 .207 0 k 141.421 405.242 425.137 272.066 re f 0 0 0 0 k 154.325 420.43 401.468 241.668 re f 0 0 0 1 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d 1 i 555.792 420.43 -401.468 241.668 re S 0 0 0 .7 K .5 w q 1 0 0 1 191.717 490.096 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 20.024 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 20.024 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 20.025 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 20.024 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 20.024 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 20.025 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 20.024 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 20.024 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S Q 504.625 613.685 45.264 42.508 re f 0 0 0 1 K 549.89 613.685 -45.264 42.508 re S 0 .85 .15 0 k 290.191 490.113 25.272 14.764 re f 315.464 504.877 -25.272 -14.764 re S 0 .41 .69 0 k 334.195 490.113 25.272 14.764 re f 359.467 504.877 -25.272 -14.764 re S .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 378.091 490.113 25.272 14.764 re f 403.363 504.877 -25.272 -14.764 re S 0 .41 .69 0 k 290.191 504.877 25.272 45.764 re f 315.464 550.641 -25.272 -45.764 re S .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 245.631 490.113 25.272 14.764 re f 270.902 504.877 -25.272 -14.764 re S 0 .41 .69 0 k 422.212 490.113 25.272 14.764 re f 447.484 504.877 -25.272 -14.764 re S .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 422.212 504.877 25.272 29.764 re f 447.484 534.641 -25.272 -29.764 re S 0 .85 .15 0 k 510.89 490.113 25.273 14.764 re f 536.162 504.877 -25.273 -14.764 re S .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 510.89 535.117 25.273 14.764 re f 536.162 549.881 -25.273 -14.764 re S 0 .41 .69 0 k 510.89 504.877 25.273 30.246 re f 536.162 535.123 -25.273 -30.246 re S 0 .85 .15 0 k 466.659 490.113 25.273 14.764 re f 491.932 504.877 -25.273 -14.764 re S .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 466.659 504.744 25.273 14.765 re f 491.932 519.509 -25.273 -14.765 re S 0 .85 .15 0 k 200.406 490.113 25.272 14.764 re f 225.678 504.877 -25.272 -14.764 re S .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 200.406 504.877 25.272 58.764 re f 225.678 563.641 -25.272 -58.764 re S 290.191 550.633 25.272 87.764 re f 315.464 638.398 -25.272 -87.764 re S BT /F3 1 Tf 4.9799 6.261 -6.261 4.9799 197.7227 459.5645 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (E)Tj .4972 -.0006 TD (d)Tj .4964 .0004 TD (u)Tj .483 -.0008 TD (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (t)Tj .2954 .0001 TD (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (o)Tj .5017 -.0002 TD (n)Tj -.5879 -4.1198 TD (E)Tj .4964 .0004 TD -.0001 Tc (ner)Tj 1.2553 .0002 TD 0 Tc (g)Tj .4929 .0008 TD (y)Tj .4172 -.0004 TD ( )Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (a)Tj .4787 .0006 TD -.0001 Tc (nd)Tj -2.0113 -1.0013 TD .0002 Tc (Ut)Tj .8576 .0001 TD 0 Tc (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (l)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (t)Tj .2954 .0001 TD (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD -.0001 Tc (es)Tj 1.0099 -3.2334 TD 0 Tc (F)Tj .4804 .0004 TD (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD -.0001 Tc (na)Tj .9634 -.0004 TD (nc)Tj .9456 -.0001 TD 0 Tc (e)Tj .4683 .0004 TD (,)Tj -4.6401 -1 TD (I)Tj .2509 -.0001 TD -.0001 Tc (nv)Tj .9119 .0002 TD (es)Tj .9244 .0005 TD 0 Tc (t)Tj .2954 .0001 TD (m)Tj .7526 -.0004 TD -.0001 Tc (ent)Tj 1.2473 .0002 TD 0 Tc (s)Tj -5.0845 -1.0005 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD -.0001 Tc (nd)Tj .9804 .0004 TD 0 Tc ( )Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (I)Tj .2501 .0009 TD -.0001 Tc (ns)Tj .939 -.0006 TD 0 Tc (u)Tj .483 -.0008 TD (r)Tj .2839 .0001 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD -.0001 Tc (nc)Tj .9456 -.0001 TD 0 Tc (e)Tj -1.2044 -2.7812 TD (G)Tj .5907 .0003 TD (o)Tj .4942 -.0002 TD (v)Tj .4279 .0002 TD -.0001 Tc (er)Tj .7713 .0002 TD (nm)Tj 1.2365 -.0004 TD (ent)Tj 1.2473 .0002 TD 0 Tc (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (l)Tj -2.3855 -4.2246 TD (H)Tj .62 -.0004 TD -.0001 Tc (ea)Tj .9474 -.0003 TD 0 Tc (l)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (t)Tj .2954 .0001 TD (h)Tj .483 -.0008 TD (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (r)Tj .3034 .0001 TD -.0001 Tc (e )Tj .6965 -.0002 TD 0 Tc (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD -.0001 Tc (nd)Tj -5.6341 -.9974 TD .0002 Tc (Ph)Tj 1.0372 -.0008 TD 0 Tc (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (r)Tj .3034 .0001 TD (m)Tj .7526 -.0004 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD -.0001 Tc (eu)Tj .9509 -.0007 TD 0 Tc (t)Tj .2954 .0001 TD (i)Tj .2286 -.0002 TD (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD (a)Tj .4794 -.0004 TD (l)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (s)Tj -1.6001 -3.6365 TD (M)Tj .7553 .0002 TD (a)Tj .4794 -.0004 TD .0004 Tc (nuf)Tj 1.2838 .0005 TD 0 Tc (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD (t)Tj .2954 .0001 TD .0009 Tc (ur)Tj .7873 .0001 TD 0 Tc (i)Tj .2296 .0005 TD -.0001 Tc (ng)Tj 2.1335 -4.161 TD -.0005 Tc (Ot)Tj .8959 .0002 TD 0 Tc (h)Tj .483 -.0008 TD -.0001 Tc (er)Tj -1.1336 -4.0973 TD .0002 Tc (Pr)Tj .8481 .0001 TD 0 Tc (o)Tj .5017 -.0002 TD (f)Tj .3159 .0005 TD -.0001 Tc (es)Tj .9244 .0005 TD 0 Tc (s)Tj .4564 .0005 TD (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (o)Tj .5017 -.0002 TD (na)Tj .9634 -.0004 TD (l)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (,)Tj -5.9614 -1.0002 TD (A)Tj 4.9799 6.261 -6.261 4.9799 505.076 444.2281 Tm (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD (o)Tj .5017 -.0002 TD (u)Tj .483 -.0008 TD -.0001 Tc (nt)Tj .7793 .0001 TD 0 Tc (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD -.0001 Tc (ng)Tj .9776 -.0002 TD 0 Tc ( )Tj .2291 .0015 TD (a)Tj .4787 .0006 TD -.0001 Tc (nd)Tj -2.7125 -1.0006 TD 0 Tc (S)Tj .5177 -.0003 TD (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD -.0001 Tc (ent)Tj 1.2473 .0002 TD 0 Tc (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (f)Tj .3159 .0005 TD (i)Tj .2313 .0003 TD (c)Tj -6.9253 -1 TD (T)Tj .5204 .0003 TD -.0001 Tc (ec)Tj .9296 0 TD 0 Tc (h)Tj .483 -.0008 TD -.0001 Tc (ni)Tj .7125 -.0003 TD 0 Tc (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (l)Tj .2286 -.0002 TD ( )Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (S)Tj .5177 -.0003 TD -.0001 Tc (er)Tj .7803 .0002 TD 0 Tc (v)Tj .4277 .0002 TD (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD -.0001 Tc (es)Tj 8 0 0 8 178.7344 648.8651 Tm -.0003 Tc (40)Tj 0 -2.5 TD (35)Tj T* (30)Tj T* (25)Tj T* (20)Tj T* (15)Tj T* (10)Tj .4937 -2.5 TD 0 Tc (5)Tj T* (0)Tj 0 8 -8 0 164.8453 510.8625 Tm -.0001 Tc -.0001 Tw [(Per)9.3(c)-.4(ent of )19.5(T)48.6(o)-.5(tal Respondents)]TJ 7.2 0 0 8 204.8077 530.9895 Tm .0002 Tc 0 Tw (14.81)Tj -.364 -.875 TD -.0001 Tc [(per)8.3(cent)]TJ 8 0 0 8 251.5445 498.3515 Tm -.0003 Tc (3.70)Tj -.6109 -.875 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 7.2 0 0 8 294.8355 590.0705 Tm .0002 Tc (22.22)Tj -.364 -.875 TD -.0001 Tc [(per)8.3(cent)]TJ 6.7083 -10.6696 TD .0002 Tc (3.70)Tj -.6108 -.875 TD -.0001 Tc [(per)8.3(cent)]TJ 6.7039 .9375 TD .0002 Tc (3.70)Tj -.6108 -.875 TD -.0001 Tc [(per)8.3(cent)]TJ 6.7482 3.5676 TD .0002 Tc (7.41)Tj -.6108 -.875 TD -.0001 Tc [(per)8.3(cent)]TJ 6.7733 -.0598 TD .0002 Tc (3.70)Tj -.6108 -.875 TD -.0001 Tc [(per)8.3(cent)]TJ 8 0 0 8 515.9355 543.4025 Tm -.0004 Tc (3.70)Tj 7.2 0 0 8 512.2345 536.4025 Tm -.0002 Tc [(per)8.2(c)-.7(ent)]TJ -42.3819 -4.8229 TD .0002 Tc (3.70)Tj -.6108 -.875 TD -.0001 Tc [(per)8.3(cent)]TJ 12.7984 4.1182 TD .0002 Tc (11.11)Tj -.364 -.875 TD -.0001 Tc [(per)8.3(cent)]TJ .6108 -2.2525 TD .0002 Tc (3.70)Tj -.6108 -.875 TD -.0001 Tc [(per)8.3(cent)]TJ 18.9388 .7593 TD .0002 Tc (3.70)Tj -.6108 -.875 TD -.0001 Tc [(per)8.3(cent)]TJ 6.7733 .9109 TD .0002 Tc (3.70)Tj -.6108 -.875 TD -.0002 Tc [(per)8.2(c)-.7(ent)]TJ 6.7482 3.706 TD .0002 Tc (7.41)Tj -.6108 -.875 TD -.0001 Tc [(per)8.3(cent)]TJ /F2 1 Tf .5092 -1.916 TD (3.70)Tj -.6125 -.875 TD [(per)10.1(c).2(ent)]TJ /F3 1 Tf 8 0 0 8 525.0925 645.9608 Tm -.0003 Tc (Large)Tj 0 -1.75 TD (SME)Tj T* (SMB)Tj ET .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 515.234 646.292 7.042 7.0428 re f 0 .41 .69 0 k 515.234 631.565 7.042 7.043 re f 0 .85 .15 0 k 515.234 618.12 7.042 7.0428 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 140.689 374.832 426.3 16.664 re f q 140.689 391.496 426.3 -317.25 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 2.845 w q 1 0 0 1 140.689 374.832 cm 0 0 m 426.311 0 l S Q Q BT /F2 1 Tf 9.8 0 0 10 229.7764 380.8315 Tm 0 0 0 0 k -.0141 Tc .0004 Tw (Figure 3Effectiveness of BC/DR Response by Organization Size)Tj ET 0 .123 .207 0 k 141.421 74.247 425.137 299.066 re f 0 0 0 0 k 153.66 88.413 401.468 275.668 re f 1 w 555.128 88.413 -401.468 275.668 re S 0 0 0 .7 K .5 w q 1 0 0 1 194.156 112.37 cm 0 0 m 348.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 33.381 cm 0 0 m 348.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 33.381 cm 0 0 m 348.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 33.381 cm 0 0 m 348.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 33.381 cm 0 0 m 348.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 33.38 cm 0 0 m 348.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 33.381 cm 0 0 m 348.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 33.381 cm 0 0 m 348.418 0 l S Q 0 .41 .69 0 k 219.135 112.392 65.865 12.448 re f 0 0 0 1 K 285.001 124.84 -65.865 -12.448 re S 0 .4675 .0825 0 k 219.135 124.847 65.865 12.448 re f 285.001 137.295 -65.865 -12.448 re S 0 .85 .15 0 k 219.135 137.289 65.865 36.448 re f 285.001 173.737 -65.865 -36.448 re S .019608 .47843 .51373 0 k 219.135 173.743 65.865 74.448 re f 285.001 248.191 -65.865 -74.448 re S .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 219.135 248.264 65.865 60.981 re f 285.001 309.245 -65.865 -60.981 re S 0 .4675 .0825 0 k 334.431 112.392 65.865 24.448 re f 400.295 136.84 -65.865 -24.448 re S 0 .85 .15 0 k 334.431 136.847 65.865 37.448 re f 400.295 174.295 -65.865 -37.448 re S .019608 .47843 .51373 0 k 334.431 174.289 65.865 24.448 re f 400.295 198.737 -65.865 -24.448 re S 450.877 112.392 65.866 24.448 re f 516.742 136.84 -65.866 -24.448 re S .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 450.877 136.847 65.866 24.448 re f 516.742 161.295 -65.866 -24.448 re S 0 0 0 0 k 454.372 283.279 89.967 70.639 re f 544.339 283.279 -89.967 70.639 re S BT /F3 1 Tf 8 0 0 8 182.084 343.7074 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0003 Tc 0 Tw (70)Tj 0 -4.1875 TD (60)Tj T* (50)Tj T* (40)Tj T* (30)Tj T* (20)Tj T* (10)Tj .4937 -4.1875 TD 0 Tc (0)Tj 7.0908 -1.4276 TD -.0003 Tc (Large)Tj -1.6067 22.3515 TD .0001 Tw [(18.52 per)9.9(cent)]TJ 0 -8.4363 TD [(22.22 per)9.9(cent)]TJ 0 -7.0201 TD [(11.11 per)9.9(cent)]TJ .2468 -2.9847 TD 0 Tw [(3.70 per)9.4(cent)]TJ 0 -1.5745 TD [(3.70 per)9.4(cent)]TJ 16.05 -2.3359 TD (SME)Tj -1.5845 3.0515 TD [(7.41 per)9.5(cent)]TJ -.2469 3.8475 TD .0001 Tw [(11.11 per)9.7(cent)]TJ .2469 3.8559 TD 0 Tw [(7.41 per)9.5(cent)]TJ 16.1063 -10.7549 TD (SMB)Tj -1.5601 6.1785 TD .0001 Tw [(7.41 per)9.5(cent)]TJ 0 -3.1679 TD [(7.41 per)9.5(cent)]TJ 0 8 -8 0 166.6294 173.284 Tm -.0001 Tc -.0001 Tw [(Per)9.3(c)-.4(ent of )19.6(T)48.6(o)-.5(tal Respondents)]TJ 8 0 0 8 468.8395 343.6841 Tm 0 Tc -.0002 Tw (Extremely effective)Tj 0 -1.75 TD -.0001 Tc (Very effective)Tj T* [(Moder)18.8(a).1(tely effective)]TJ T* -.0002 Tc -.0001 Tw (Slightly effective)Tj T* -.0001 Tc (Not effective at all)Tj ET .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 458.98 344.015 7.043 7.0425 re f 458.98 351.058 7.043 -7.0425 re S .019608 .47843 .51373 0 k 458.98 329.289 7.043 7.043 re f 458.98 336.332 7.043 -7.043 re S 0 .85 .15 0 k 458.98 315.844 7.043 7.043 re f 458.98 322.887 7.043 -7.043 re S 0 .4675 .0825 0 k 458.98 301.441 7.043 7.0425 re f 458.98 308.484 7.043 -7.0425 re S 0 .41 .69 0 k 458.98 287.996 7.043 7.0425 re f 458.98 295.038 7.043 -7.0425 re S EMC endstream endobj 170 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 192 0 obj <> endobj 194 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 490.9954 20.9379 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 512.4738 20.9379 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 543.321 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 572.364 .014984 .51599 31.274 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 587.3827 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (5)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 36 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 143.6318 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 36.9343 354.5419 Tm -.005 Tc (organizations will expand their risk assessments)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 228.6926 354.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 342.5419 Tm -.005 Tc (and decrease their risk appetite after the pandemic)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 237.7423 342.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 330.5419 Tm -.005 Tc (runs its course.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 97.6765 330.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 36.9343 304.5418 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc [(F)10.7(uture BC/DR Best Pr)14.6(actices)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 176.9462 304.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 36.9343 286.5418 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(In the sur)-8.8(vey, respondents were asked t)9.8(o)0( select the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.362 286.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 274.5418 Tm -.005 Tc (disruptions they included in risk assessments or)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 227.0007 274.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 262.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(BC/DR plans prior t)9.8(o)0( Mar)9.3(ch 2020 \()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT12 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 172.2825 262.5418 Tm 0 Tc ()Tj /TT6 1 Tf .6034 0 TD -.005 Tc (gure 5)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 203.1688 262.5418 Tm (\). Fire)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 225.5516 262.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 250.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(and t)9.8(ornado were the most assessed of the 10)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 220.5274 250.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 238.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(e)6.3(vents, while pandemics were the least assessed.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 233.2059 238.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 226.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(Howe)6.3(ver)60.1(, organizations should focus their response)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 241.1667 226.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 214.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(plans on the potential impacts t)9.8(o)0( their oper)19.5(ations)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 230.6067 214.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 202.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(r)19.5(ather than planning for e)6.3(very possible disruptive)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 228.8489 202.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 190.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(e)6.3(vent.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 60.7773 194.3168 Tm -.0083 Tc (14)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 66.7519 190.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [( F)10.2(or example, organizations should ha)7.3(ve a)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 232.3699 190.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 178.5418 Tm -.005 Tc (plan for when their facilities cannot be accessed,)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 229.2487 178.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 166.5418 Tm -.005 Tc (which could be the result of a )Tj /TT9 1 Tf 13.1126 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(re or t)9.8(ornado. A)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 221.1825 166.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 154.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(t)9.8(ornado could also impact the workfor)9.3(ce and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 213.8576 154.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 142.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(cust)9.8(omers, which, indirectly, impacts reco)7.3(very. F)10.2(o)0(r)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 235.3692 142.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 130.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(another example, instead of planning for how t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 225.0287 130.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 118.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(respond t)9.8(o)0( a ship being stuck and blocking a major)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 237.739 118.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 106.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(water)-8.3(way for se)6.3(ver)19.5(al days,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 141.2204 110.3168 Tm -.0083 Tc (15)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 147.1949 106.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [( it would be prudent t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 235.1496 106.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 94.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(plan for what the organization would need t)9.8(o)0( do)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 225.0023 94.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36.9343 82.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(without access t)9.8(o)0( invent)9.8(ories fr)9.8(om suppliers or with)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 240.9361 82.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 354.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(an inability t)9.8(o)0( reach cust)9.8(omers. Organizations will)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 451.1801 354.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 342.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(ne)6.3(ver be able t)9.8(o)0( prepare for e)6.3(very possible)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 422.0922 342.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 330.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(disruption t)9.8(o)0( oper)19.5(ations, but it is a good exer)9.3(cise t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 456.7316 330.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 318.5419 Tm -.005 Tc (include in BC/DR testing.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 353.1956 318.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 294.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(BC/DR testing pr)9.8(ocedures and terms are likely t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 446.8677 294.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 282.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(v)7.3(ary by organization. F)10.2(or the purposes of this)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 432.7062 282.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 270.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(resear)9.3(ch, a tablet)9.8(op test is a paper walk-thr)9.8(ough of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 454.8484 270.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 258.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(the plan, inv)7.3(olving personnel critical t)9.8(o)0( the plan)39.1()54.7(s)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 444.9826 258.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 246.5419 Tm -.005 Tc (execution. A preparedness test is a simulation)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 437.2941 246.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 234.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(using actual resour)9.3(ces t)9.8(o)0( test the full plan or a)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 437.5942 234.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 222.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(por)-24.4(tion of the plan on a localized or small scale. A)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 451.7941 222.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 210.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(full oper)19.5(ational test simulates a full-scale disruption)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 459.1343 210.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 198.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(acr)9.8(oss all oper)19.5(ations. A)5.4(udits of the BC/DR plan are)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 454.8495 198.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 186.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(pr)9.8(ocedures per)-7.3(formed by internal or external audit)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 452.8773 186.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 174.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(depar)-24.4(tments, and re)6.3(views are per)-7.3(formed by)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 426.814 174.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 162.5419 Tm -.005 Tc (business continuity members or other responsible)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 452.7388 162.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 150.5419 Tm -.005 Tc [(personnel. )19.5(These tests are included in the analysis.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 456.0525 150.5419 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 126.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(The sur)-8.8(vey asked respondents how frequently their)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 456.3499 126.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 114.5418 Tm -.005 Tc (organization tested BC/DR \()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT12 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 365.3093 114.5418 Tm 0 Tc ()Tj /TT6 1 Tf .6034 0 TD -.005 Tc (gure 6)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 396.1957 114.5418 Tm -.0195 Tw [(\). T)55.2(ablet)9.8(op )-19.5(and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 455.0405 114.5418 Tm 0 Tc 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 102.5418 Tm -.005 Tc (preparedness tests are less extensive and are)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 435.5944 102.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 255.1665 90.5418 Tm -.005 Tc [(executed most frequently. More than 50 per)9.3(cent of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 455.2031 90.5418 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 36.934 695.491 426.3 -317.25 re W n 36.934 695.495 426.31 -317.254 re W n 36.934 695.496 423 -317.254 re 457.431 90.542 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k /GS1 gs 36.934 678.828 423.026 16.664 re f 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 2.845 w 10 M [] 0 d q 1 0 0 1 36.934 678.828 cm 0 0 m 426.311 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 36.934 695.495 426.31 -317.254 re W n 36.934 695.496 423 -317.254 re 457.431 90.542 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS1 gs BT /F2 1 Tf 9.8 0 0 10 95.8542 684.827 Tm 0 0 0 0 k -.0141 Tc .0004 Tw (Figure 4Changes in Scope of Risk Assessment and BC/DR by Organization Size)Tj ET 0 .123 .207 0 k 37.666 378.242 422.294 299.066 re f 0 0 0 0 k 51.267 394.258 399.145 267.076 re f 0 0 0 .7 K 0 J 0 j .5 w 10 M [] 0 d q 1 0 0 1 94.425 644.971 cm 0 0 m 339.487 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -32.693 cm 0 0 m 339.487 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -32.693 cm 0 0 m 339.487 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -32.693 cm 0 0 m 339.487 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -32.692 cm 0 0 m 339.487 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -32.693 cm 0 0 m 339.487 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -32.693 cm 0 0 m 339.487 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -32.693 cm 0 0 m 339.487 0 l S Q 347.325 606.414 94.88 44.25 re f 0 0 0 1 K 442.205 606.414 -94.88 44.25 re S .015686 .52549 .96078 0 k 119.261 416.121 65.272 60.421 re f 0 .85 .15 0 k 119.261 476.542 65.272 109.695 re f 0 .41 .69 0 k 119.261 586.229 65.272 23.907 re f .015686 .52549 .96078 0 k 234.725 416.121 65.273 11.764 re f 0 .85 .15 0 k 234.725 427.885 65.273 25.265 re f 0 .41 .69 0 k 234.725 453.141 65.273 47.907 re f .015686 .52549 .96078 0 k 349.53 416.121 65.272 24.264 re f 0 .85 .15 0 k 349.53 440.385 65.272 12.765 re f 0 .41 .69 0 k 349.53 453.141 65.272 11.407 re f BT /F3 1 Tf 8 0 0 8 79.4851 643.9716 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0003 Tc 0 Tw (70)Tj 0 -4.0625 TD (60)Tj T* (50)Tj T* (40)Tj T* (30)Tj T* (20)Tj T* (10)Tj .4937 -4.0625 TD 0 Tc (0)Tj 7.2539 -1.8176 TD -.0002 Tc [(Large)-12757.9(S).3(ME)-12599.5(SMB)]TJ -1.3328 5.1923 TD -.0003 Tc .0001 Tw [(18.52 per)9.7(cent)]TJ 0 10.6442 TD [(33.33 per)9.7(cent)]TJ .2468 8.3395 TD 0 Tw [(7.41 per)9.5(cent)]TJ 14.1692 -15.3311 TD [(14.81 per)9.8(cent)]TJ .2469 -6.6874 TD [(3.70 per)9.5(cent)]TJ 14.4556 4.5609 TD [(3.70 per)9.5(cent)]TJ 0 -1.5153 TD [(3.70 per)9.5(cent)]TJ -14.4472 -.4587 TD .0001 Tw [(7.41 per)9.5(cent)]TJ 14.4472 -1.8714 TD 0 Tw [(7.41 per)9.5(cent)]TJ 0 8 -8 0 62.5964 470.9705 Tm -.0001 Tc -.0001 Tw [(Per)9.4(c)-.4(ent of )19.6(T)48.5(o)-.5(tal Respondents)]TJ 8 0 0 8 361.4553 640.4315 Tm -.0002 Tw (Significantly increased)Tj 0 -1.75 TD -.0002 Tc 0 Tw (Slightly increased)Tj T* -.0001 Tw (No change)Tj ET 0 .41 .69 0 k 351.596 639.091 7.043 7.0429 re f 0 .85 .15 0 k 351.596 625.146 7.043 7.0428 re f .015686 .52549 .96078 0 k 351.596 610.419 7.043 7.043 re f EMC Q endstream endobj 195 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 209 0 obj <> endobj 211 0 obj <> endobj 215 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 39.4019 20.9698 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 60.8804 20.9698 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 91.7275 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 30.069 .014984 .51505 31.516 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 12.8637 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (6)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 414.3912 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 522.0229 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /Figure <>BDC Q .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k /GS1 gs 140.689 385.986 426.3 16.668 re f q 1 i 140.689 402.654 426.3 -269.739 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 2.845 w 10 M [] 0 d q 1 0 0 1 140.689 385.986 cm 0 0 m 426.311 0 l S Q Q BT /F2 1 Tf 9.8 0 0 10 274.3515 391.9851 Tm 0 0 0 0 k -.014 Tc .0003 Tw (Figure 6Frequency of Four BC/DR Tests)Tj ET 0 .123 .207 0 k 141.421 132.915 425.137 251.552 re f 0 0 0 0 k 157.205 149.22 401.468 221.168 re f 0 0 0 1 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d 1 i 558.672 149.22 -401.468 221.168 re S 0 0 0 .7 K .5 w q 1 0 0 1 195.844 197.141 cm 0 0 m 355.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 18.135 cm 0 0 m 355.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 18.134 cm 0 0 m 355.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 18.135 cm 0 0 m 355.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 18.134 cm 0 0 m 355.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 18.135 cm 0 0 m 355.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 18.134 cm 0 0 m 355.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 18.134 cm 0 0 m 355.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 18.135 cm 0 0 m 355.418 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 18.134 cm 0 0 m 355.418 0 l S Q 452.333 212.166 94.88 98.841 re f 0 0 0 1 K 547.213 212.166 -94.88 98.841 re S .054902 .16471 .72941 0 k 402.611 178.442 34.773 27.499 re f 0 .85 .15 0 k 402.611 205.941 34.773 19.829 re f .47059 0 .67451 0 k 402.611 225.762 34.773 20.186 re f .070588 .80784 .61961 .003922 k 402.611 245.94 34.773 34.438 re f .7451 .48235 .15686 .003922 k 402.611 280.378 34.773 72.845 re f 0 .41 .69 0 k 402.611 353.215 34.773 7.686 re f .054902 .16471 .72941 0 k 338.48 178.442 34.772 75.027 re f .47059 0 .67451 0 k 338.48 253.469 34.772 13.329 re f .070588 .80784 .61961 .003922 k 338.48 266.789 34.772 52.969 re f .7451 .48235 .15686 .003922 k 338.48 319.749 34.772 33.671 re f .023529 .4 .43529 0 k 338.48 353.42 34.772 7.3291 re f .054902 .16471 .72941 0 k 274.814 178.442 34.772 34.093 re f 0 .85 .15 0 k 274.814 212.535 34.772 7.329 re f .47059 0 .67451 0 k 274.814 219.856 34.772 13.185 re f .070588 .80784 .61961 .003922 k 274.814 233.033 34.772 32.982 re f .7451 .48235 .15686 .003922 k 274.814 266.015 34.772 87.157 re f .023529 .4 .43529 0 k 274.814 353.215 34.772 7.4487 re f .054902 .16471 .72941 0 k 210.59 178.942 34.772 20.264 re f 0 .85 .15 0 k 210.59 199.206 34.772 7.188 re f .47059 0 .67451 0 k 210.59 206.386 34.772 13.186 re f .070588 .80784 .61961 .003922 k 210.59 219.564 34.772 20.218 re f .7451 .48235 .15686 .003922 k 210.59 239.782 34.772 100.14 re f 0 .41 .69 0 k 210.59 339.913 34.772 13.302 re f .023529 .4 .43529 0 k 210.59 353.215 34.772 7.8018 re f 0 0 0 .7 K q 1 0 0 1 195.844 179.007 cm 0 0 m 355.418 0 l S Q BT /F3 1 Tf 8 0 0 8 179.8736 358.3509 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0003 Tc 0 Tw (100)Tj .4937 -2.25 TD (90)Tj T* (80)Tj T* (70)Tj T* (60)Tj T* (50)Tj T* (40)Tj T* (30)Tj T* (20)Tj T* (10)Tj .4937 -2.25 TD 0 Tc (0)Tj 3.2552 -1.5585 TD .0003 Tc [(T)56.3(ablet)10.2(op)]TJ .8379 -1 TD 0 Tc (Test)Tj 5.95 0 0 7 211.3135 185.6596 Tm -.0003 Tc -.0001 Tw [(11.11 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ 0 5.6506 TD [(11.11 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ 1.5975 8.7961 TD -.0001 Tc 0 Tw (55.56)Tj -.364 -1 TD .0003 Tc [(per)9.3(c).3(ent)]TJ -.9866 -11.466 TD -.0003 Tc -.0001 Tw [(3.70 per)8.6(c)-.4(ent)]TJ 0 22.136 TD [(3.70 per)8.6(c)-.4(ent)-5856.4(3)0(.70 per)8.6(c)-.4(ent)-5762.9(3)0(.70 per)8.6(c)-.4(ent)-5925.1(3)0(.70 per)8.6(c)-.4(ent)]TJ 21.2474 -2.9417 TD [(18.52 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ 10.8624 -14.4759 TD [(11.11 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ 0 -2.9126 TD [(11.11 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ 0 -3.2913 TD [(14.81 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ -10.8624 14.4757 TD [(29.63 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ 10.8624 3.268 TD [(40.74 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ -10.6156 -8.0738 TD [(7.41 per)8.6(c)-.4(ent)]TJ -.2467 -6.2514 TD [(40.74 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ 10.8624 6.6186 TD [(18.52 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ -21.5627 6.8854 TD [(48.15 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ 0 -8.6797 TD [(18.52 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ 0 -7.766 TD [(18.52 per)8.5(c)-.5(ent)]TJ 1.5277 4.3 TD -.0001 Tc 0 Tw (7.41%)Tj -1.281 -1.3583 TD -.0003 Tc -.0001 Tw [(3.70 per)8.6(c)-.4(ent)]TJ -10.7938 -.5641 TD [(7.41 per)8.6(c)-.4(ent)]TJ 0 19.2526 TD [(7.41 per)8.6(c)-.4(ent)]TJ 8 0 0 8 271.4035 165.8826 Tm 0 Tw (Preparedness)Tj 1.8455 -1 TD 0 Tc (Test)Tj 6.3779 1 TD -.0002 Tc [(Oper)19.4(ational)]TJ 1.4021 -1 TD 0 Tc (Test)Tj 7.2086 1 TD -.0014 Tc .0011 Tw [(Aud)-1.9(i)-1.4(t)-2( or)]TJ .1711 -1 TD -.0002 Tc 0 Tw [(Re)6.4(view)]TJ 0 8 -8 0 168.9336 220.3476 Tm -.0001 Tc -.0001 Tw [(Per)9.4(c)-.4(ent of )19.6(T)48.6(o)-.5(tal Respondents)]TJ 8 0 0 8 466.4615 300.7726 Tm -.0002 Tc 0 Tw (More than semiannually)Tj 0 -1.75 TD -.0003 Tc (Semiannually)Tj T* -.0002 Tc (Annually)Tj T* -.0001 Tc -.0001 Tw [(E)12.5(v).7(ery other year)]TJ T* -.0002 Tc 0 Tw [(E)12.5(v).7(ery three years)]TJ T* 0 Tc -.0002 Tw [(E)12.6(v).8(ery four years or more)]TJ T* -.0002 Tc 0 Tw (None at all)Tj ET .023529 .4 .43529 0 k 456.604 301.104 7.043 7.0426 re f 0 .41 .69 0 k 456.604 286.378 7.043 7.043 re f .7451 .48235 .15686 .003922 k 456.604 272.932 7.043 7.043 re f .070588 .80784 .61961 .003922 k 456.604 258.987 7.043 7.043 re f .47059 0 .67451 0 k 456.604 244.261 7.043 7.043 re f 0 .85 .15 0 k 456.604 230.816 7.043 7.043 re f .054902 .16471 .72941 0 k 456.604 216.576 7.043 7.043 re f EMC /Figure <>BDC .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 139.565 677.632 426.311 16.665 re f q 139.565 694.297 426.36 -275.25 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 2.845 w q 1 0 0 1 139.565 677.632 cm 0 0 m 426.311 0 l S Q Q BT /F2 1 Tf 9.8 0 0 10 216.1146 683.6324 Tm 0 0 0 0 k -.0141 Tc .0004 Tw (Figure 5Disruptions Included in Risk Assessment Prior to March 2020)Tj ET q 139.565 694.297 426.36 -275.25 re W n 0 .123 .207 0 k 140.797 419.048 425.129 257.066 re f Q 152.713 432.747 401.468 229.668 re f 0 0 0 1 K 1 w 554.181 432.747 -401.468 229.668 re S 0 0 0 .7 K .5 w q 1 0 0 1 193.264 534.093 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 13.35 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -26.7 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 53.398 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -13.349 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 26.699 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 13.349 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 13.349 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 13.35 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 13.35 cm 0 0 m 355.417 0 l S Q .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 200.61 520.743 17.736 103.218 re f 233.404 520.743 17.736 103.218 re f 266.198 520.743 17.736 99.718 re f 298.992 520.743 17.736 96.218 re f 331.786 520.743 17.736 85.772 re f 364.581 520.743 17.735 69.218 re f 397.375 520.743 17.735 69.218 re f 430.168 520.743 17.736 60.073 re f 462.962 520.743 17.736 60.073 re f 495.756 520.743 17.736 43.386 re f BT /F3 1 Tf 4.9799 6.261 -6.261 4.9799 194.287 492.9509 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (T)Tj .4723 -.0007 TD (o)Tj .5015 -.0002 TD (r)Tj .3034 .0001 TD -.0001 Tc (na)Tj .9634 -.0004 TD 0 Tc (d)Tj .4964 .0004 TD (o)Tj 1.5728 -3.2083 TD (F)Tj .4804 .0004 TD (i)Tj .2296 .0005 TD (r)Tj .3034 .0001 TD (e)Tj -1.5802 -3.3228 TD (C)Tj .5667 .0004 TD (y)Tj .4172 -.0004 TD (b)Tj .4937 -.0002 TD -.0001 Tc (er)Tj .7518 .0002 TD 0 Tc (a)Tj .4794 -.0004 TD (t)Tj .2954 .0001 TD (t)Tj .2954 .0001 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD (k)Tj -2.6446 -3.0491 TD -.0059 Tc (Po)Tj 1.0498 -.0002 TD 0 Tc (w)Tj .6503 -.0003 TD -.0001 Tc (er)Tj .7713 .0002 TD 0 Tc ( )Tj .2286 -.0003 TD -.0005 Tc (Ou)Tj 1.0835 -.0007 TD 0 Tc (t)Tj .2954 .0001 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (g)Tj .4937 -.0002 TD (e)Tj -1.7077 -3.3882 TD (W)Tj .7458 -.0006 TD (a)Tj .4794 -.0004 TD (t)Tj .2954 .0001 TD -.0001 Tc (er)Tj .7713 .0002 TD 0 Tc (/)Tj .3709 -.0005 TD (F)Tj .4804 .0004 TD (l)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (o)Tj .5017 -.0002 TD (o)Tj .5017 -.0002 TD (d)Tj -6.7267 -3.2308 TD (E)Tj .4839 -.0006 TD (v)Tj .4276 .0002 TD -.0001 Tc (ent)Tj 1.2473 .0002 TD 0 Tc ( )Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (t)Tj .2954 .0001 TD ( )Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (V)Tj .5605 .0002 TD -.0001 Tc (end)Tj 1.4483 .0004 TD 0 Tc (o)Tj .5017 -.0002 TD (r)Tj .3034 .0001 TD (/)Tj .3709 -.0005 TD (S)Tj .5177 -.0003 TD (u)Tj .483 -.0008 TD (p)Tj .4937 -.0002 TD (p)Tj .4937 -.0002 TD (l)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD -.0001 Tc (er)Tj -1.1313 -3.2143 TD 0 Tc (E)Tj .4972 -.0006 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (r)Tj .328 .0001 TD (t)Tj .2959 .0001 TD (h)Tj .483 -.0008 TD (qu)Tj .9829 -.0008 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (k)Tj .451 -.0007 TD (e)Tj -4.353 -3.0201 TD (T)Tj .5205 .0003 TD -.0001 Tc (er)Tj .7713 .0002 TD 0 Tc (r)Tj .2939 .0001 TD (o)Tj .5017 -.0002 TD (r)Tj .3034 .0001 TD (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (s)Tj .4564 .0005 TD (m)Tj .7518 .0006 TD (/)Tj .3709 -.0005 TD (W)Tj .7452 .0004 TD (a)Tj .4794 -.0004 TD (r)Tj .3109 .0001 TD (f)Tj .3163 .0005 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD (r)Tj .3034 .0001 TD (e)Tj -.6854 -3.4663 TD (H)Tj .62 -.0004 TD (u)Tj .4835 .0004 TD (r)Tj .3034 .0001 TD (r)Tj .3034 .0001 TD (i)Tj .2286 -.0003 TD (c)Tj .4617 -.0001 TD (a)Tj .4795 -.0004 TD -.0001 Tc (ne)Tj -.3794 -3.2507 TD 0 Tc (P)Tj .549 .0006 TD (a)Tj .4794 .0002 TD (n)Tj .4838 .0006 TD (d)Tj .4955 .0002 TD (e)Tj .4682 .0006 TD (m)Tj .7529 .0002 TD (i)Tj .2285 .0003 TD (c)Tj 8 0 0 8 182.4017 638.236 Tm -.0003 Tc (16)Tj 0 -1.875 TD (14)Tj T* (12)Tj T* (10)Tj .4937 -1.875 TD 0 Tc (8)Tj T* (6)Tj T* (4)Tj T* (2)Tj T* (0)Tj 0 8 -8 0 166.5199 519.2309 Tm -.0001 Tc -.0001 Tw [(Per)9.3(c)-.4(ent of )19.5(T)48.6(o)-.5(tal Respondents)]TJ 8 0 0 8 199.8153 634.2452 Tm -.0003 Tc 0 Tw (13.69)Tj -.364 -.75 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 4.6799 .75 TD (13.69)Tj -.364 -.75 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 33.3288 -6.7223 TD (5.36)Tj -.6109 -.75 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC q 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 142 109.1167 Tm -.005 Tc [(respondents per)-7.3(formed them at least annually. )19.5(This)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 345.5467 109.1167 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 142 97.1166 Tm -.005 Tc (is likely because these tests require fewer)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 306.5525 97.1166 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 142 85.1166 Tm -.005 Tc [(resour)9.3(ces and can be per)-7.3(formed with little regard t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 346.3137 85.1166 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 142 73.1166 Tm -.005 Tc (organizational size and plan complexity.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 300.0737 73.1166 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 360.9493 109.1167 Tm -.005 Tc (As tests increase in extensiveness and require)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 543.512 109.1167 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 360.9493 97.1166 Tm -.005 Tc [(more resour)9.3(ces, frequency decreases acr)9.8(oss all)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 549.5237 97.1166 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 360.9493 85.1166 Tm -.005 Tc [(respondents. Nearly 41 per)9.3(cent of respondents do)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 558.816 85.1166 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 360.9493 73.1166 Tm -.005 Tc [(not per)-7.3(form a full oper)19.5(ational test. More than half)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 555.3852 73.1166 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 216 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 238 0 obj <> endobj 244 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 490.9954 20.9379 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 512.4738 20.9379 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 543.321 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 572.364 .014984 .51599 31.274 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 587.3827 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (7)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 36 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 143.6318 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 36 684.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(of respondents per)-7.3(form the more extensive tests at)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.8348 684.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 672.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(least e)6.3(very other year)60.1(. )19.5(These differences are likely)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 231.819 672.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 660.8702 Tm -.005 Tc (based on organizational size impacting plan)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 209.68 660.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 648.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(complexity and a)7.3(v)7.3(ailable resour)9.3(ces. Organizations)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.0503 648.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 636.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(with more resour)9.3(ces, such as an internal audit)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 217.275 636.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 624.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(depar)-24.4(tment or a)7.3(v)7.3(ailable capital, can afford the time)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 237.3166 624.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 612.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(and cost of per)-7.3(forming extensive tests more)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 210.9895 612.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 600.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(frequently. Howe)6.3(ver)60.1(, as plans become more)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 208.6406 600.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 588.8702 Tm -.005 Tc (complex, it may be more dif)Tj /TT9 1 Tf 12.1209 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(cult t)9.8(o)0( per)-7.3(form)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 208.7088 588.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 576.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(extensive tests, leading organizations t)9.8(o)0( per)-7.3(form)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 228.2055 576.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 564.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(more localized preparedness tests. CO)10.7(VID-19 also)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 233.8887 564.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 552.8702 Tm -.005 Tc (affected testing frequency.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 142.2228 552.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 528.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(The sur)-8.8(vey also asked respondents how their)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 214.1755 528.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 516.8702 Tm -.005 Tc (frequency of BC/DR testing changed for the period)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 235.1137 516.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 504.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(of Mar)9.3(ch 2020 thr)9.8(ough December 2020 \()]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT12 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 196.7048 504.8702 Tm 0 Tc ()Tj /TT6 1 Tf .6034 0 TD -.005 Tc (gure 7)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 227.591 504.8702 Tm (\).)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 232.9986 504.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 492.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(Given the shor)-24.4(t period of measurement, not many)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 231.3452 492.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 480.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(changes were expected due t)9.8(o)0( the active response)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 235.6332 480.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 468.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(and management of the CO)10.7(VID-19 disruption.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 215.2972 468.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 456.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(Howe)6.3(ver)60.1(, at least 15 per)9.3(cent of respondents)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 209.6405 456.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 444.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(adjusted t)9.8(o)0( CO)10.7(VID-19 by increasing the frequency)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 231.4145 444.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 432.8702 Tm -.005 Tc (of testing in the four testing categories. A minor)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 224.4779 432.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 420.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(per)9.3(centage of respondents decreased tablet)9.8(op and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 237.6635 420.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 408.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(preparedness tests for the period. )19.5(This may ha)7.3(ve)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 228.602 408.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 396.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(been caused by a limitation of resour)9.3(ces or another)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 238.6053 396.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 384.8702 Tm -.005 Tc [(fact)9.8(or caused by the CO)10.7(VID-19 disruption.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 201.2446 384.8702 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 360.8703 Tm -.005 Tc [(Changes in frequency of full oper)19.5(ational tests based)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 241.3464 360.8703 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 36 348.8703 Tm -.005 Tc [(on testing frequency prior t)9.8(o)0( Mar)9.3(ch 2020 were also)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 237.1166 348.8703 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 591.0858 Tm -.005 Tc (noted \()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT12 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 287.8369 591.0858 Tm 0 Tc ()Tj /TT6 1 Tf .6034 0 TD -.005 Tc (gure 8)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 318.7232 591.0858 Tm (\). Most increases in frequency were)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 459.1888 591.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 579.0858 Tm -.005 Tc [(fr)9.8(om respondents who, prior t)9.8(o)0( Mar)9.3(ch 2020, had)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 449.9414 579.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 567.0858 Tm -.005 Tc [(tested e)6.3(very other year or less. Dependent on the)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 452.4169 567.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 555.0858 Tm -.005 Tc [(organization, this could show that the best pr)19.5(actice)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 461.0446 555.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 543.0858 Tm -.005 Tc [(for a full oper)19.5(ational test is at least annually. Some)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 459.4429 543.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 531.0858 Tm -.005 Tc (industries, such as the )Tj /TT9 1 Tf 10.0528 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(nancial sect)9.8(or)60.1(, can set this)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 459.8527 531.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 519.0858 Tm -.005 Tc [(precedent by ha)7.3(ving regulations t)9.8(o)0( test BC/DR plans)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 465.4007 519.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 507.0858 Tm -.005 Tc (annually.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 295.2396 510.8607 Tm -.0083 Tc (16)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 301.2141 507.0858 Tm -.005 Tc ( Organizations could also include BC/DR)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 460.5281 507.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 495.0858 Tm -.005 Tc [(testing requirements in contr)19.5(acts with third-par)-24.4(ty)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 452.3278 495.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 483.0858 Tm -.005 Tc [(vendors. It is likely that more organizations ha)7.3(ve)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 449.9944 483.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 471.0858 Tm -.005 Tc [(increased BC/DR testing as more disco)7.3(veries are)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 452.8979 471.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 459.0858 Tm -.005 Tc [(made regarding CO)10.7(VID-19 responses, impacts and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 459.0205 459.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 447.0858 Tm -.005 Tc [(best pr)19.5(actices.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 318.0541 447.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 259.9652 421.0858 Tm 0 .41 .69 0 k -.005 Tc (Conclusion)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 314.7538 421.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 259.9652 403.0858 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.02 Tc [(All things considered, allocating resour)9.3(ces t)9.8(o)0( BC/DR)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 458.4546 403.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 391.0858 Tm -.02 Tc [(planning is a business decision. Sur)-8.8(vey results ha)7.3(ve)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 456.9693 391.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 379.0858 Tm -.02 Tc (indicated an upward trend of organizations allocating)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 462.9327 379.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 367.0858 Tm -.02 Tc [(resour)9.3(ces t)9.8(o)0( plan de)6.3(velopment thr)9.8(ough expanded risk)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 465.1516 367.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 259.9652 355.0858 Tm -.02 Tc (assessment and testing frequency and)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 408.2659 355.0858 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Figure <>BDC Q q 1 i 32.689 337.331 426.3 -275.25 re W n 32.689 337.335 426.31 -275.254 re W n 36 337.335 422.999 -275.254 re 410.494 355.086 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k /GS1 gs 36 320.666 422.989 16.665 re f 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 2.845 w 10 M [] 0 d q 1 0 0 1 32.689 320.666 cm 0 0 m 426.311 0 l S Q Q q 1 i 32.689 337.335 426.31 -275.254 re W n 36 337.335 422.999 -275.254 re 410.494 355.086 m W* n 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS1 gs BT /F2 1 Tf 9.8 0 0 10 154.9294 326.6662 Tm 0 0 0 0 k -.0141 Tc .0004 Tw (Figure 7Changes in Frequency of BC/DR Test )Tj ET 0 .123 .207 0 k 36 62.082 422.558 257.066 re f 0 0 0 0 k 54.933 73.31 382.644 235.882 re f 0 0 0 .7 K 0 J 0 j .5 w 10 M [] 0 d q 1 0 0 1 98.563 297.846 cm 0 0 m 223.577 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -18.476 cm 0 0 m 223.577 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -18.476 cm 0 0 m 223.577 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -18.476 cm 0 0 m 223.577 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -18.476 cm 0 0 m 223.577 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -18.476 cm 0 0 m 223.577 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -18.475 cm 0 0 m 223.577 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -18.476 cm 0 0 m 223.577 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -18.476 cm 0 0 m 223.577 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -18.476 cm 0 0 m 223.577 0 l S Q 331.152 164.242 94.881 73.341 re f 0 0 0 1 K 426.033 164.242 -94.881 73.341 re S .070588 .80784 .61961 .003922 k 111.936 113.46 32.272 7.265 re f .015686 .52549 .96078 0 k 111.936 120.725 32.272 6.764 re f .054902 .16471 .72941 0 k 111.936 127.48 32.272 122.842 re f .47059 0 .67451 0 k 111.936 250.314 32.272 40.765 re f .69804 .14902 .92549 .015686 k 111.936 291.07 32.272 6.5581 re f .070588 .80784 .61961 .003922 k 167.759 113.46 32.273 7.265 re f .015686 .52549 .96078 0 k 167.759 120.725 32.273 6.764 re f .054902 .16471 .72941 0 k 167.759 127.48 32.273 122.675 re f .47059 0 .67451 0 k 167.759 250.147 32.273 40.891 re f .69804 .14902 .92549 .015686 k 167.759 291.031 32.273 7.0581 re f .054902 .16471 .72941 0 k 223.287 113.46 32.272 150.063 re f .47059 0 .67451 0 k 223.287 263.523 32.272 27.764 re f .69804 .14902 .92549 .015686 k 223.287 291.279 32.272 6.5581 re f .054902 .16471 .72941 0 k 279.424 113.46 32.272 150.313 re f .47059 0 .67451 0 k 279.424 263.773 32.272 33.764 re f 0 0 0 .7 K q 1 0 0 1 98.563 113.087 cm 0 0 m 223.577 0 l S Q BT /F3 1 Tf 8 0 0 8 84.456 295.4455 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0003 Tc 0 Tw (100)Tj .4937 -2.2875 TD (90)Tj T* (80)Tj T* (70)Tj T* (60)Tj T* (50)Tj T* (40)Tj T* (30)Tj T* (20)Tj T* (10)Tj .4936 -2.2875 TD 0 Tc (0)Tj 2.7024 -1.5289 TD .0003 Tc [(T)56.3(a)-.2(blet)10.2(op)]TJ .8379 -1 TD 0 Tc (Test)Tj 5.1041 1 TD -.0003 Tc (Preparedness)Tj 1.8455 -1 TD 0 Tc (Test)Tj 5.698 1 TD -.0002 Tc [(Oper)19.5(ational)]TJ 1.4021 -1 TD .0001 Tc (Test)Tj 6.4434 1 TD -.0014 Tc .0011 Tw [(Aud)-1.9(i)-1.4(t)-2( or)]TJ .1711 -1 TD -.0002 Tc 0 Tw [(Re)6.4(view)]TJ -20.8585 12.3324 TD -.0003 Tc (66.67)Tj -.364 -1 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 7.3418 1 TD (66.67)Tj -.364 -1 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 7.2425 1 TD (81.48)Tj -.364 -1 TD [(per)8.7(cent)]TJ 7.3811 1.0301 TD (81.48)Tj -.364 -1 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ -20.5094 11.2998 TD (22.22)Tj -.364 -1 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 7.3418 1 TD (22.22)Tj -.364 -1 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 7.2425 1.7759 TD (14.81)Tj -.364 -1 TD [(per)8.7(cent)]TJ 7.3811 1.4988 TD (18.52)Tj -.364 -1 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 0 8 -8 0 71.0161 157.4437 Tm -.0001 Tc -.0001 Tw [(Per)9.4(c)-.4(ent of )19.6(T)48.5(o)-.5(tal Respondents)]TJ 8 0 0 8 345.2824 227.3497 Tm -.0002 Tc 0 Tw (Significantly increased)Tj 0 -1.75 TD (Slightly increased)Tj T* -.0001 Tc -.0001 Tw (No change)Tj T* -.0002 Tc 0 Tw (Slightly decreased)Tj T* -.0001 Tc -.0001 Tw (Significantly decreased)Tj ET .69804 .14902 .92549 .015686 k 335.423 226.009 7.043 7.043 re f .47059 0 .67451 0 k 335.423 212.063 7.043 7.043 re f .054902 .16471 .72941 0 k 335.423 197.338 7.043 7.042 re f .015686 .52549 .96078 0 k 335.423 183.893 7.043 7.042 re f .070588 .80784 .61961 .003922 k 335.423 169.652 7.043 7.043 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC Q q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n .02 .8 .86 0 k /GS1 gs 254.949 614.163 343.447 82.161 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 259.9652 655.1387 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k 0 Tc 0 Tw ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 273.8725 675.139 Tm 0 0 0 0 k [( AS PL)-9.3(ANS BECOME MORE COMPLEX, IT)19.5( MA)45.9(Y)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 561.3168 675.139 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 259.9652 657.139 Tm [(BE MORE DIFFICUL)134.3(T)19.5( )19.5(T)13.7(O)0( PERFORM EXTENSIVE)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 549.7202 657.139 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 259.9652 639.139 Tm [(TEST)7.8(S, LEADING ORGANIZ)-6.3(A)63(TIONS )19.5(T)13.7(O)0( PERFORM)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 563.4946 639.139 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 259.9652 621.139 Tm [(MORE L)31.7(OCALIZED PREP)67.4(AREDNESS )19.5(TEST)7.8(S. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 531.3862 601.1388 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k ()Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 245 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 269 0 obj <> endobj 274 0 obj <> endobj 275 0 obj <> endobj 281 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 39.4019 20.9698 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 60.8804 20.9698 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 91.7275 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 30.069 .014984 .51505 31.516 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 12.8637 20.9698 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (8)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 414.3912 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 522.0229 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 141.6367 382.9937 Tm -.02 Tc [(per)-8.8(v)7.3(asiveness. )19.5(The majority of sur)-8.8(vey respondents,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 336.7859 382.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 370.9937 Tm -.02 Tc (regardless of organization size, considered their)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 324.2611 370.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 358.9937 Tm -.02 Tc [(BC/DR plans effective in responding t)9.8(o)0( CO)10.7(VID-19,)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 329.8552 358.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 346.9937 Tm -.02 Tc [(which suppor)-24.4(ts investing in plan de)6.3(velopment.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 318.442 346.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 334.9938 Tm -.02 Tc [(E)8.8(ffectively managing the impact of a disruption, such)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 343.7473 334.9938 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 322.9937 Tm -.02 Tc [(as the pandemic, requires recurring investments t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 334.8611 322.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 310.9937 Tm -.02 Tc [(plan de)6.3(velopment, and although the scale of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 310.1053 310.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 298.9937 Tm -.02 Tc [(investment and de)6.3(velopment pr)9.8(ocedures will differ)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 334.9047 298.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 286.9937 Tm -.02 Tc (between organizations, the BC/DR conversation)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 323.7506 286.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 274.9937 Tm -.02 Tc [(should frequently be held with management t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 318.8241 274.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 262.9937 Tm -.02 Tc [(pr)9.8(oduce an acceptable le)6.3(vel of risk in preparing for)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 333.9913 262.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 250.9937 Tm -.02 Tc (the next disruption.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 214.8402 250.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 226.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(F)10.7(uture resear)9.3(ch int)9.8(o this issue should pr)9.8(o)7.3(vide more)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 343.5389 226.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 214.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(insight int)9.8(o BC/DR de)6.3(velopment. An analysis of)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 327.5743 214.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 202.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(software and other t)9.8(ools could pr)9.8(o)7.3(vide guidance for)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 345.4109 202.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 190.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(how organizations can le)6.3(ver)19.5(age technology t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 322.404 190.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 178.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(de)6.3(velop more effective BC/DR plans and execution.)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 344.2089 178.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 166.9937 Tm -.005 Tc (A BC/DR analysis with a larger sample of industries)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 344.1321 166.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 154.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(could create standards for de)6.3(velopment that would)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 343.163 154.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 142.9937 Tm -.005 Tc (be more persuasive in the BC/DR investment)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 317.928 142.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 130.9937 Tm -.005 Tc (decision. More BIA guidelines and techniques could)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 345.3065 130.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 118.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(also be resear)9.3(ched t)9.8(o)0( assist in downtime and)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 320.2463 118.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 106.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(reco)7.3(very cost estimation. )19.5(This could reduce)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 313.5677 106.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 94.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(uncer)-24.4(tainty, resulting in more v)7.3(aluable information)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 339.5179 94.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 141.6367 82.9937 Tm -.005 Tc (for BC/DR decision makers. Although the future is)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 338.118 82.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 360.1367 382.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(uncer)-24.4(tain, organizations can prepare by)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 515.7109 382.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 360.1367 370.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(implementing the lessons learned fr)9.8(om CO)10.7(VID-19 t)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 565.1787 370.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 360.1367 358.9937 Tm -.005 Tc (satisfy their reduced risk appetite.)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 493.8074 358.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 11 0 0 11 360.1367 192.9937 Tm 0 .41 .96 0 k -.005 Tc (Endnotes)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 11 0 0 11 405.9421 192.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 377.5002 174.9937 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(F)16.6(auci, A. S.; C. L. P)5.4(aules; H. D. Marst)9.8(on;)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 531.3972 174.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 365.1367 174.9937 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (1)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 377.1367 162.9937 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Cor)9.8(ona)7.3(virus Infections-More )19.5(Than Just the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 548.761 162.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 377.1367 150.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(Common Cold,)83( )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 440.3112 150.9937 Tm (Journal of the American)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 533.4908 150.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 377.1367 138.9937 Tm -.005 Tc (Medical Association)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 455.8801 138.9937 Tm [(, v)7.3(ol. 323, iss. 8, 2020, )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 543.3878 138.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 377.1367 126.9937 Tm -.005 Tc (p. 707708)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 422.5614 126.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 377.5002 114.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(Mayberry, M.; By F)16.6(ailing t)9.8(o)0( Prepare, Y)31.7(ou Are)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 551.376 114.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 365.1367 114.9937 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (2)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 377.1367 102.9937 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Indeed Preparing t)9.8(o)0( F)16.6(ail,)83( )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 476.9216 102.9937 Tm (Entrepreneur)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 526.7959 102.9937 Tm (, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 530.7007 102.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 377.1367 90.9937 Tm -.005 Tc (22 April 2016, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 433.5688 90.9937 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/www)60.5(.entrepreneur)60.1(.com/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 555.3201 90.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 377.1367 78.9937 Tm -.005 Tc [(ar)-24.4(ticle/274494)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 434.3522 78.9937 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Figure <>BDC Q .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k /GS1 gs 140.689 670.039 426.3 16.665 re f q 1 i 140.689 686.704 426.3 -284.25 re W n 0 0 0 0 K 0 J 0 j 2.845 w 10 M [] 0 d q 1 0 0 1 140.689 670.039 cm 0 0 m 426.311 0 l S Q Q BT /F2 1 Tf 9.8 0 0 10 191.0684 676.04 Tm 0 0 0 0 k -.0141 Tc .0004 Tw (Figure 8Change in Frequency of Operational Test by Frequency Prior to March 2020)Tj ET 0 .123 .207 0 k 141.421 402.455 425.137 266.066 re f 0 0 0 0 k 164.001 415.077 381.757 242.422 re f 0 0 0 1 K 0 J 0 j 1 w 10 M [] 0 d 1 i 545.759 415.077 -381.757 242.422 re S 0 0 0 .7 K .5 w q 1 0 0 1 203.523 439.034 cm 0 0 m 335.918 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 128.346 cm 0 0 m 335.918 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 25.67 cm 0 0 m 335.918 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -77.009 cm 0 0 m 335.918 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 102.678 cm 0 0 m 335.918 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 25.669 cm 0 0 m 335.918 0 l S Q 220.367 604.101 88.763 42.508 re f 0 0 0 1 K 309.13 604.101 -88.763 42.508 re S 0 0 0 .7 K q 1 0 0 1 203.523 464.703 cm 0 0 m 335.918 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 77.008 cm 0 0 m 335.918 0 l S 1 0 0 1 0 -51.338 cm 0 0 m 335.918 0 l S Q .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 216.142 438.903 38.272 19.265 re f 0 0 0 1 K 254.414 458.168 -38.272 -19.265 re S 0 .85 .15 0 k 284.108 438.903 38.273 102.585 re f 322.38 541.488 -38.273 -102.585 re S 351.945 438.903 38.272 102.765 re f 390.217 541.668 -38.272 -102.765 re S .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 351.945 582.907 38.272 19.765 re f 390.217 602.672 -38.272 -19.765 re S 0 .41 .69 0 k 351.945 541.668 38.272 41.246 re f 390.217 582.914 -38.272 -41.246 re S 0 .85 .15 0 k 420.282 438.903 38.272 20.265 re f 458.554 459.168 -38.272 -20.265 re S 0 .41 .69 0 k 420.282 459.168 38.272 19.746 re f 458.554 478.914 -38.272 -19.746 re S 0 .85 .15 0 k 488.085 438.903 38.272 142.908 re f 526.357 581.811 -38.272 -142.908 re S 0 .41 .69 0 k 488.085 581.811 38.272 41.049 re f 526.357 622.86 -38.272 -41.049 re S BT /F3 1 Tf 8 0 0 8 192.0098 641.8887 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.0002 Tc 0 Tw (40)Tj 0 -3.1875 TD (35)Tj T* (30)Tj T* (25)Tj T* (20)Tj T* (15)Tj T* (10)Tj .4936 -3.1875 TD 0 Tc (5)Tj T* (0)Tj 0 8 -8 0 176.8404 479.1295 Tm -.0001 Tc -.0001 Tw [(Per)9.4(c)-.4(ent of )19.5(T)48.6(o)-.5(tal Respondents)]TJ 8 0 0 8 199.417 424.0435 Tm -.0002 Tc 0 Tw [(More than semiannually)-1813.9(Annually)-3566.9(E)12.4(very other year)-1964.8(E)12.4(v).6(ery three years)-3299(None at all)]TJ 3.6587 3.1466 TD -.0003 Tc (4.00)Tj -.6108 -.875 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 8.9223 6.1846 TD (20.00)Tj -.364 -.875 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 9.028 13.5625 TD (4.00)Tj -.6109 -.875 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ .6109 -2.8935 TD (8.00)Tj -.6109 -.875 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ .364 -8.0441 TD (20.00)Tj -.364 -.875 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 9.1529 -1.7684 TD (4.00)Tj -.6109 -.875 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ .6109 -1.6661 TD (4.00)Tj -.6109 -.875 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ 9.0861 20.0149 TD (8.00)Tj -.6107 -.875 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ .364 -10.4092 TD (28.00)Tj -.364 -.875 TD [(per)8.6(cent)]TJ -32.6137 16.2892 TD -.0002 Tc -.0001 Tw (Significantly increased)Tj 0 -1.75 TD 0 Tw (Slightly increased)Tj T* (No change)Tj ET .019608 .80784 .85098 0 k 224.975 636.706 7.0425 7.043 re f 0 .41 .69 0 k 224.975 621.98 7.0425 7.043 re f 0 .85 .15 0 k 224.975 608.535 7.0425 7.043 re f EMC /Artifact <>BDC q 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n .02 .8 .86 0 k 360.473 210.842 203.217 136.693 re f EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 365.83 306.3494 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k 0 Tc ()Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 14 0 0 14 379.7372 326.3496 Tm 0 0 0 0 k [( AL)134.3(THOUGH )19.5(THE FUTURE IS)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 553.8964 326.3496 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 365.83 308.3496 Tm [(UNCER)39.1(T)38.6(AIN, ORGANIZ)-6.3(A)63(TIONS)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 554.4747 308.3496 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 365.83 290.3496 Tm [(CAN PREP)67.4(ARE B)26.8(Y)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 476.7431 290.3496 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 365.83 272.3496 Tm -.0195 Tw (IMPLEMENTING THE)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 497.5038 272.3496 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 365.83 254.3497 Tm (LESSONS LEARNED FROM)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 531.3417 254.3497 Tm ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 365.83 236.3496 Tm -.0195 Tw [(CO)10.7(VID-19 T)13.7(O)0( )-19.5(SA)63(TISFY THEIR)]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 545.4238 236.3496 Tm 0 Tw ( )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 14 0 0 14 365.83 218.3496 Tm [(REDUCED RISK APPE)-9.8(TITE. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT11 1 Tf 47 0 0 47 533.871 198.3494 Tm 0 .425 .075 0 k ()Tj ET EMC Q endstream endobj 282 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 300 0 obj <> endobj 305 0 obj <> endobj 310 0 obj <> endobj 315 0 obj <> endobj 320 0 obj <> endobj 325 0 obj <> endobj 330 0 obj <> endobj 335 0 obj <> endobj 340 0 obj <> endobj 345 0 obj <> endobj 350 0 obj <> endobj 355 0 obj <> endobj 360 0 obj <> endobj 365 0 obj <> endobj 366 0 obj <>stream /P <>BDC q 1 i 0 783 603 -783 re 301.5 391.515 m W n 0 783.015 603 -783 re W n /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 490.9954 20.9379 Tm 0 0 0 1 k 0 Tc 0 Tw (ISACA )Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC BT 7 0 0 7 512.4738 20.9379 Tm (JOURNAL)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 543.321 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k [( V)6.3(OL 6)]TJ ET EMC /Artifact <>BDC 0 0 0 1 k /GS2 gs 572.364 .014984 .51599 31.274 re f EMC /P <>BDC /GS1 gs BT 7 0 0 7 587.3827 20.9379 Tm .02 .8 .86 0 k (9)Tj ET EMC /P <>BDC /GS2 gs BT 7 0 0 7 36 20.9769 Tm 0 0 0 1 k [( 2021 ISACA. All rights reser)-8.8(ved. )]TJ ET EMC /P <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 7 0 0 7 143.6318 20.9769 Tm [(www)60.5(.isaca.org)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52.3635 677.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (Weinberg, N.; Business Continuity and Disaster)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 239.5877 677.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 39.9999 677.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (3)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52 665.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Reco)7.3(very Planning: )19.5(The Basics,)83( )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 178.8852 665.2778 Tm (CSO)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 195.7484 665.2778 Tm [(, 25 Mar)9.3(ch)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 237.0115 665.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 653.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (2021, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 75.9396 653.2778 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/www)60.5(.csoonline.com/ar)-24.4(ticle/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 214.0024 653.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 641.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (2118605/business-continuity-and-disaster-)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 629.2778 Tm [(reco)7.3(very-planning-the-basics.html)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 182.769 629.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52.3635 617.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(Sampson, K.; )19.5(T)106.4(.)0( Hatt)9.8(on; C. Br)9.8(own; The Silent)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 227.4477 617.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 39.9999 617.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (4)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52 605.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (Assassin: Business Demand Changes)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 200.8921 605.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 593.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(F)10.2(ollowing Disaster)60.1(,)83()0( )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 130.6974 593.2778 Tm (Journal of Business)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 207.5645 593.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 581.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (Continuity and Emergency Planning)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 189.1895 581.2778 Tm [(, v)7.3(ol. 12,)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 220.8152 581.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 569.2778 Tm -.005 Tc ( iss. 1, 2018, p. 7993)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 138.2803 569.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52.3635 557.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (ISACA)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 77.5258 560.2479 Tm 0 Tc ()Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 81.7261 557.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 85.6308 557.2778 Tm [(CISA Re)6.3(view Manual)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 165.2058 557.2778 Tm (, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 169.1105 557.2778 Tm (27)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 5.4 0 0 5.4 178.9169 560.2479 Tm -.0083 Tc (th)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 183.4755 557.2778 Tm -.005 Tc ( Edition)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 212.3965 557.2778 Tm (, USA,)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 234.9342 557.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 39.9999 557.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (5)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52 545.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (2019, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 75.9396 545.2778 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/www)60.5(.isaca.org/bookst)9.8(ore/cisa-)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 533.2778 Tm [(exam-resour)9.3(ces/crm27ed)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 152.2955 533.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52.3635 521.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 68.9698 521.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 39.9999 521.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (6)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52.3635 509.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 68.9698 509.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 39.9999 509.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (7)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52.3635 497.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Alesi, P)158.2(.; Building Enterprise-Wide Resilience by)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 239.6242 497.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 39.9999 497.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (8)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52 485.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Integr)19.5(ating Business Continuity Capability Int)9.8(o)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 233.5641 485.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 473.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(Day-t)9.8(o-Day Business Culture and )19.5(Technology,)83()]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 232.6399 473.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52 461.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (Journal of Business Continuity and Emergency)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 232.2224 461.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 449.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (Planning)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 85.834 449.2778 Tm [(, v)7.3(ol. 2, iss. 3, 2008, p. 214220)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 208.7489 449.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52.3635 437.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (Ibid.)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 68.9698 437.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 39.9999 437.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (9)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52.5271 425.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Disaster Reco)7.3(very Journal)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 153.5095 425.2778 Tm [(, Testing Y)31.7(our BC )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 226.1535 425.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 35 425.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (10)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 52 413.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(or DR Plan: What W)15.1(ould Confucius Say? )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 213.8409 413.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 401.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (14 January 2013, )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 121.996 401.2778 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/drj.com/journal_main/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 236.6456 401.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 389.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (testing-your-bc-or-dr-plan-what-would-)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 198.9884 389.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 52 377.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (confucius-say/)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 109.5846 377.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 271.027 677.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (Op cit)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 293.6263 677.2778 Tm ( Weinberg)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 333.2645 677.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 253.5 677.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (11)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 271.027 665.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Haydon, D.; N. K)11.2(umar; N. Br)9.8(ooks; What)54.7(s the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 445.6334 665.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 253.5 665.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (12)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 270.5 653.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Market Sentiment? )19.5(T)48.3(op Five Industries)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 421.7214 653.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 641.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(Impacted by CO)10.7(VID-19 F)12.7(r)9.8(om a Pr)9.8(obability of)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 444.1812 641.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 629.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(Default Perspective,)83( S&P Global Market)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 427.8321 629.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 617.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(Intelligence, 16 Mar)9.3(ch 2020,)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 381.0989 617.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 270.5 605.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(https:/)109.4(/www)60.5(.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 451.5442 605.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 593.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (en/news-insights/blog/whats-the-market-)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 581.2778 Tm [(sentiment-t)9.8(op-)]TJ /TT21 1 Tf 6.2552 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT4 1 Tf .537 0 TD -.005 Tc (ve-industries-impacted-by-)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 433.7187 581.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 569.2778 Tm -.02 Tc [(co)7.3(vid-19-fr)9.8(om-a-pr)9.8(obability-of-default-perspective)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 455.0364 569.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 271.027 557.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (Sangoma, SMB, SME, and Large Enterprise:)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 444.3225 557.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 253.5 557.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (13)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 270.5 545.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Why Y)31.7(our Business Size Classi)]TJ /TT9 1 Tf 13.4028 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT2 1 Tf .5487 0 TD -.005 Tc [(cation Matters,)83()]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 457.7208 545.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 270.5 533.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(https:/)109.4(/www)60.5(.sangoma.com/ar)-24.4(ticles/smb-sme-)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 521.2778 Tm (large-enterprise-size-business-matters/)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 422.5191 521.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 271.027 509.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(Hodge, N.; Resilient, Ready, and Responsive,)83()]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 449.6435 509.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 253.5 509.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (14)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 270.5 497.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Internal A)5.4(udit)9.8(or)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 330.1436 497.2778 Tm [(, v)7.3(ol. 78, iss. 1, 2021, p. 3641)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 448.0498 497.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 271.027 485.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(Ste)6.3(vens, P)158.2(.; The Ship )19.5(That Blocked the Suez)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 444.6841 485.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 253.5 485.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (15)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 270.5 473.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(Canal May Be F)12.7(ree, But Exper)-24.4(ts W)16.1(arn the)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 430.8864 473.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 461.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(Supply Chain Impact Could Last Months,)83()]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 432.776 461.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 449.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(CNBC, 29 Mar)9.3(ch 2021, )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 361.4407 449.2778 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/www)60.5(.cnbc.com/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 453.0492 449.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 437.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(2021/03/29/suez-canal-is-mo)7.3(ving-but-the-)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 425.2778 Tm (supply-chain-impact-could-last-months.html)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 440.7182 425.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 271.027 413.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(FINRA, 4380. Mandat)9.8(ory P)5.4(a)0(r)-24.4(ticipation in)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 432.0276 413.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /Lbl <>BDC /GS1 gs BT /TT6 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 253.5 413.2778 Tm 0 .85 .15 0 k (16)Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC /GS2 gs BT /TT2 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 270.5 401.2778 Tm 0 0 0 1 k -.005 Tc [(FINRA BC/DR )19.5(Testing Under Regulation SCI,)83( )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 447.7308 401.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 389.2778 Tm -.005 Tc [(3 No)7.3(vember 2015, )]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT /TT4 1 Tf 9 0 0 9 344.8159 389.2778 Tm [(https:/)109.4(/www)60.5(.)]TJ /TT21 1 Tf 5.5182 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT4 1 Tf .537 0 TD -.005 Tc [(nr)19.5(a.org/)]TJ ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 430.3777 389.2778 Tm 0 Tc ( )Tj ET EMC /LBody <>BDC BT 9 0 0 9 270.5 377.2778 Tm -.005 Tc (rules-guidance/rulebooks/)Tj /TT21 1 Tf 11.3765 0 TD 0 Tc ()Tj /TT4 1 Tf .537 0 TD -.005 Tc [(nr)19.5(a-rules/4380)]TJ ET EMC Q endstream endobj 367 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 6 0 obj <> endobj 5 0 obj <> endobj 60 0 obj <>stream Adobed         #"""#''''''''''     !! !!''''''''''}""  s!1AQa"q2B#R3b$r%C4Scs5D'6Tdt& EFVU(eufv7GWgw8HXhx)9IYiy*:JZjzm!1AQa"q2#BRbr3$4CS%cs5DT &6E'dtU7()󄔤euFVfvGWgw8HXhx9IYiy*:JZjz?9YVy,6lyG*UȒ͛6c;6FN͛64f9yGUvlٲ͛6lLcjٳef6f͘s`Wf͛6lڻ6lܼfJ6lٳf͑Wf͛+6lUٳf͛6l6͛6lٳdUٳf͛+6lٳb͛6lٳbf͛/6lUٳf͛6lUٳf͛6l*ٳf͛6vlٲfͅ]6l26lٳf͒Wf͛6lxm]6lٳcjٳf͍2(؜aGcR,BDw͑B$G};6lخlK ^cTf8M> FwnÎ""(4O@F $ezSa>!d+JW aP0Tq*tI7NÎS iK11VNij+bMofS凚|`ȤN\'58"Fw^W ?,fE7$d/SP R?<u `;g(:<$u흣'$,sDPK _\j3VaxY?yiIH 1?ތ,W\!OH:ɼGO3M3vROI.ƬƬO"5h;|Q(a 0!^F5 #iohڣ |i[Gx[sCgk>(|<u},Ѝҟwr>[_"p(+U(S)Z# 5x9FT<ƇF2P ǂO6l(cLݛ6l q u͛6l+Piٳfˮjfvlٲl ٳciyWf͛+6lٳfA6V(vlٲ2y<2K 1́q'`;?S P7q'h.mf"eh…OlQG LЊ GC6lZMYN**78euf[Ҵ_rPtGr=u.^>"&@)cKe50"I4$4NTᥧnmYW|-0 ИvlA+Ԍũ ڌkkupN ɏÝW}Fjf1Z͒o0l`s2 f$L*AYΘme$(]>*HY힮 ^Gu0UxuZxc<$)zNcva_o4#v~ISv3z}ȒXW!4:_'`i)Q-i.N%OcZYo`FA-ȆHpDwKђ2ܳ Ga/ |@a䨢]\K$б'ͶkHLz-6LC' I*)-7/f0-~FR)v^ = ~keEDn0̈v2ĨDV5c.Pk9^@-(7zᔾLK%Iv.|]9_ۊ不uKjP6I0_-f#ޣlyNW`@|W]ںK#_φ'oXo#jm"QbyGW@̢֢[ME0RTT'|ywSVPt%GSX;)aJjiI[iMK؞ vnn8g[rǿ#L]Wivg Yri]a4p_þyc5snj)^7X7ͼtpH6so\RԮoa0e̍ȂAoJmH* $jeȹc!afvgiebƬH nj;OU=Dс<w&8B>~槪MړƾSIbI5'ƅaRqE@)Anqǧ(''(-f͌X|P.æaX:/6lʥ" Gm63cIiɐ[v9zS-ZD V&8a70]<|l H|N\@qD "0$oD@^,l = GN XCW`h1IU.Jq0\x%wuxN_DO|$1ISDq*Ev;(e3ٳfq|iu͛67+/+;6lٳfLvlٳfˡͅ.͛6Vlf eٳf͍"˳f͕/+-6lٲ`f͛+6l vlٳXٳf͛6l ٳfͅ]6lYWf͛6lXٳf͕6vlٳee͛6^l(vlٳef.͛6^lٰf͛6lثf͛/+/$͛6lvlٳf͊EӞ0A?'DF Ȟ@ '0#HO;6lVsElfVKBbo?rW n. 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